School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne 3001, Australia.
Departamento de Producción Agraria, E.T.S.I. Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28004 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 May 10;15(5):956. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15050956.
Ever increasing volumes of biosolids (treated sewage sludge) are being produced by municipal wastewater facilities. This is a consequence of the continued expansion of urban areas, which in turn require the commissioning of new treatment plants or upgrades to existing facilities. Biosolids contain nutrients and energy which can be used in agriculture or waste-to-energy processes. Biosolids have been disposed of in landfills, but there is an increasing pressure from regulators to phase out landfilling. This article performs a critical review on options for the management of biosolids with a focus on pyrolysis and the application of the solid fraction of pyrolysis (biochar) into soil.
越来越多的生物固体(经过处理的污水污泥)正在由城市废水处理厂产生。这是城市面积不断扩大的结果,而城市面积的扩大又需要新建处理厂或对现有设施进行升级。生物固体含有可用于农业或废物能源转化过程的营养物质和能源。生物固体已经被处置在垃圾填埋场中,但监管机构施加了越来越大的压力,要求逐步停止使用垃圾填埋场。本文对生物固体管理的各种选择进行了批判性评估,重点是热解以及将热解的固体部分(生物炭)应用于土壤。