Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
ADFCA, Research and Development Division, Al Ain, UAE.
J Gen Virol. 2018 Jun;99(6):818-826. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001073. Epub 2018 May 11.
The viral landscape of the honey bee (Apismellifera) has changed as a consequence of the global spread of the parasitic mite Varroa destructor and accompanying virulent strains of the iflavirus deformed wing virus (DWV), which the mite vectors. The presence of DWV in honey bee populations is known to influence the occurrence of other viruses, suggesting that the current known virome of A. mellifera may be undercharacterized. Here we tested this hypothesis by examining the honey bee virome in Australia, which is uniquely free of parasitic mites or DWV. Using a high-throughput sequencing (HTS) approach, we examined the RNA virome from nine pools of A. mellifera across Australia. In addition to previously reported honey bee viruses, several other insect viruses were detected, including strains related to aphid lethal paralysis virus (ALPV) and Rhopalosiphum padi virus (RhPV), which have recently been identified as infecting honey bees in the USA, as well as several other viruses recently found in Drosophila spp. A further 42 putative novel insect virus genomes spanning the order Picornavirales were assembled, which significantly increases the known viral diversity in A. mellifera. Among these novel genomes, we identified several that were similar (but different) to key A. mellifera viruses, such as DWV, that warrant further investigation. We propose that A. mellifera may be preferentially infected with viruses of the order Picornavirales and that a diverse population of these viruses may be representative of a Varroa-free landscape.
由于寄生螨瓦螨和伴随的烈性伊芙病毒变形翅病毒（DWV）的全球传播，蜜蜂（Apismellifera）的病毒景观发生了变化，螨传播了这种病毒。众所周知，蜜蜂种群中 DWV 的存在会影响其他病毒的发生，这表明目前已知的 A. mellifera 病毒组可能描述不足。在这里，我们通过检查澳大利亚的蜜蜂病毒组来检验这一假设，澳大利亚的蜜蜂病毒组是独一无二的，没有寄生螨或 DWV。我们使用高通量测序（HTS）方法，从澳大利亚的 9 个 A. mellifera 群体中检测了 RNA 病毒组。除了先前报道的蜜蜂病毒外，还检测到了几种其他昆虫病毒，包括与蚜虫致死麻痹病毒（ALPV）和禾谷缢管蚜病毒（RhPV）相关的病毒株，这些病毒最近在美国被发现感染了蜜蜂，以及最近在果蝇属中发现的几种其他病毒。还组装了 42 个跨越小 RNA 病毒目（Picornavirales）的假定新昆虫病毒基因组，这显著增加了 A. mellifera 中已知的病毒多样性。在这些新基因组中，我们鉴定出了一些与关键的 A. mellifera 病毒（如 DWV）相似（但不同）的病毒，值得进一步研究。我们提出，A. mellifera 可能更容易感染小 RNA 病毒目的病毒，并且这些病毒的多样化种群可能代表了无螨的环境。
