Doublet Vincent, Oddie Melissa A Y, Mondet Fanny, Forsgren Eva, Dahle Bjørn, Furuseth-Hansen Elisabeth, Williams Geoffrey R, De Smet Lina, Natsopoulou Myrsini E, Murray Tomás E, Semberg Emilia, Yañez Orlando, de Graaf Dirk C, Le Conte Yves, Neumann Peter, Rimstad Espen, Paxton Robert J, de Miranda Joachim R
Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
Institute for Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale) 061200, Germany.
R Soc Open Sci. 2024 Jan 10;11(1):231529. doi: 10.1098/rsos.231529. eCollection 2024 Jan.
Invasive vectors can induce dramatic changes in disease epidemiology. While viral emergence following geographical range expansion of a vector is well known, the influence a vector can have at the level of the host's pathobiome is less well understood. Taking advantage of the formerly heterogeneous spatial distribution of the ectoparasitic mite that acts as potent virus vector among honeybees , we investigated the impact of its recent global spread on the viral community of honeybees in a retrospective study of historical samples. We hypothesized that the vector has had an effect on the epidemiology of several bee viruses, potentially altering their transmissibility and/or virulence, and consequently their prevalence, abundance, or both. To test this, we quantified the prevalence and loads of 14 viruses from honeybee samples collected in mite-free and mite-infested populations in four independent geographical regions. The presence of the mite dramatically increased the prevalence and load of deformed wing virus, a cause of unsustainably high colony losses. In addition, several other viruses became more prevalent or were found at higher load in mite-infested areas, including viruses not known to be actively varroa-transmitted, but which may increase opportunistically in varroa-parasitized bees.
侵入性病媒可引发疾病流行病学的巨大变化。虽然病媒地理范围扩大后病毒出现的情况广为人知，但病媒对宿主病理生物群落层面的影响却鲜为人知。利用作为蜜蜂中有效病毒载体的体外寄生螨以前的异质空间分布，我们在一项对历史样本的回顾性研究中调查了其近期全球传播对蜜蜂病毒群落的影响。我们假设该病媒对几种蜜蜂病毒的流行病学产生了影响，可能改变了它们的传播性和/或毒力，从而影响其流行率、丰度或两者。为了验证这一点，我们对来自四个独立地理区域无螨和有螨种群的蜜蜂样本中的14种病毒的流行率和载量进行了量化。螨的存在显著增加了残翅病毒的流行率和载量，残翅病毒是导致蜂群损失高到难以为继的一个原因。此外，其他几种病毒在有螨地区更为普遍或载量更高，包括一些已知并非由瓦螨主动传播，但可能在被瓦螨寄生的蜜蜂中机会性增加的病毒。
