Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Campus Universitario #2, Circuito Universitario, Chihuahua, Chihuahua C.P. 31125, México.
Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Periférico. R. Almada, Km.1. Chihuahua, Chihuahua C.P. 31453, México.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 May 13;15(5):975. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15050975.
Pollution of freshwater ecosystems from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a global concern. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has included the PAHs pyrene, phenanthrene, and naphthalene among the 16 priority compounds of special concern for their toxicological effects. The aim of this study was to adapt and characterize a microbial consortium from ore waste with the potential to remove these three PAHs from water. This microbial consortium was exposed to the target PAHs at levels of 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 mg L for 14 days. PAH bioremoval was measured using the analytical technique of solid phase microextraction, followed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPME-GC/MS). The results revealed that up to 90% of the target PAHs can be removed from water after 14 days at a concentration level of 100 mg L. The predominant group of microorganisms identified at the phylum taxonomic level were the Proteobacteria, while the Actinobacteria were the predominant subgroup. The removal of phenanthrene, naphthalene, and pyrene predominantly occurred in specimens of genera , , and Chitinophagaceae, respectively. This study demonstrates that the use of specific microorganisms is an alternative method of reducing PAH levels in water.
淡水生态系统中的多环芳烃（PAHs）污染是一个全球性问题。美国环境保护署（EPA）已将 PAHs 中的苝、菲和萘列为 16 种具有特殊毒性效应的优先关注化合物之一。本研究旨在利用矿石废物中的微生物群落，开发一种能够去除这三种 PAHs 的方法。将这种微生物群落暴露于 5、10、20、50 和 100mg/L 这五个水平的目标 PAHs 中 14 天。采用固相微萃取分析技术和气相色谱-质谱联用（SPME-GC/MS）来测量 PAH 的生物去除率。结果表明，在 100mg/L 的浓度水平下，经过 14 天，水中 90%的目标 PAHs 可以被去除。在门分类水平上，鉴定出的主要微生物群是变形菌门，而优势亚群是放线菌门。菲、萘和苝的去除主要发生在属、和几丁质噬菌科的样本中。本研究表明，利用特定的微生物是一种降低水中 PAH 含量的替代方法。
