Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, Punjab, India.
IUBMB Life. 2018 Sep;70(9):869-880. doi: 10.1002/iub.1868. Epub 2018 May 14.
Infectious diseases are a major challenge in management of human health worldwide. Recent literature suggests that host immune system could be modulated to ameliorate the pathogenesis of infectious disease. Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) is a key regulator of cellular signaling and it could be modulated using pharmacological reagents. HMOX1 is a cytoprotective enzyme that degrades heme to generate carbon monoxide (CO), biliverdin, and molecular iron. CO and biliverdin (or bilirubin derived from it) can restrict the growth of a few pathogens. Both of these also induce antioxidant pathways and anti-inflammatory pathways. On the other hand, molecular iron can induce proinflammatory pathway besides making the cellular environment oxidative in nature. Since microbial infections often induce oxidative stress in host cells/tissues, role of HMOX1 has been analyzed in the pathogenesis of number of infections. In this review, we have described the role of HMOX1 in pathogenesis of bacterial infections caused by Mycobacterium species, Salmonella and in microbial sepsis. We have also provided a succinct overview of the role of HMOX1 in parasitic infections such as malaria and leishmaniasis. In the end, we have also elaborated the role of HMOX1 in viral infections such as AIDS, hepatitis, dengue, and influenza. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 70(9):869-880, 2018.
传染病是全球人类健康管理的重大挑战。最近的文献表明，宿主免疫系统可以被调节以改善传染病的发病机制。血红素加氧酶（HMOX1）是细胞信号的关键调节剂，可以用药理学试剂进行调节。HMOX1 是一种细胞保护酶，可将血红素降解为一氧化碳（CO）、胆红素和分子铁。CO 和胆红素（或由此衍生的胆红素）可以限制一些病原体的生长。这两者还可以诱导抗氧化途径和抗炎途径。另一方面，分子铁除了使细胞环境呈氧化性质外，还会诱导促炎途径。由于微生物感染通常会在宿主细胞/组织中诱导氧化应激，因此已经分析了 HMOX1 在多种感染的发病机制中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们描述了 HMOX1 在由分枝杆菌、沙门氏菌引起的细菌感染和微生物败血症中的发病机制中的作用。我们还简要概述了 HMOX1 在疟疾和利什曼病等寄生虫感染中的作用。最后，我们还详细阐述了 HMOX1 在艾滋病、肝炎、登革热和流感等病毒感染中的作用。
