Singh Jitendra K, Vyas Preeti, Dubey Anamika, Upadhyaya Chandrama Prakash, Kothari Richa, Tyagi Vineet Veer, Kumar Ashwani
Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar, M.P. 470003, India.
Metagenomics and Secretomics Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar-470003, (M.P.), India.
Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2018 Jun 1;10(2):350-371. doi: 10.2741/S521.
The future supply of energy to meet growing energy demand of rapidly exapanding populations is based on wide energy resources, particularly the renewable ones. Among all resources, lignocellulosic biomasses such as agriculture, forest, and agro-industrial residues are the most abundant and easily available bioresource for biorefineries to provide fuels, chemicals, and materials. However, pretreatment of biomass is required to overcome the physical and chemical barriers that exist in the lignin-carbohydrate composite and pretreatment facilitate the entry of biocatalysts for the conversion of biomass into fermentable sugars and other by-products. Therefore, pretreatment of the biomass is necessary prerequisite for efficient hydrolysis of lignocelluloses into different type of fermentable sugars. The physiochemical, biochemical and biological pretreatment methods are considered as most promising technologies for the biomass hydrolysis and are discussed in this review article. We also discussed the recent advancements and modern trends in pretreatment methods of lignocelluloses conversion into ethanol with special focus on fermentation methods.
未来满足迅速增长的人口对能源不断增加的需求，其能源供应依赖于广泛的能源资源，特别是可再生能源。在所有资源中，木质纤维素生物质，如农业、森林和农工业残余物，是生物精炼厂最丰富且最容易获取的生物资源，可用于提供燃料、化学品和材料。然而，需要对生物质进行预处理，以克服木质素 - 碳水化合物复合物中存在的物理和化学障碍，并且预处理有助于生物催化剂进入，从而将生物质转化为可发酵糖和其他副产品。因此，生物质预处理是将木质纤维素高效水解为不同类型可发酵糖的必要前提。物理化学、生物化学和生物预处理方法被认为是生物质水解最具前景的技术，本文将对其进行讨论。我们还讨论了木质纤维素转化为乙醇预处理方法的最新进展和现代趋势，特别关注发酵方法。
