US Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, USA.
Bioresour Technol. 2010 Jul;101(13):4992-5002. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.11.007. Epub 2009 Dec 6.
This review presents a comprehensive discussion of the key technical issues in woody biomass pretreatment: barriers to efficient cellulose saccharification, pretreatment energy consumption, in particular energy consumed for wood-size reduction, and criteria to evaluate the performance of a pretreatment. A post-chemical pretreatment size-reduction approach is proposed to significantly reduce mechanical energy consumption. Because the ultimate goal of biofuel production is net energy output, a concept of pretreatment energy efficiency (kg/MJ) based on the total sugar recovery (kg/kg wood) divided by the energy consumption in pretreatment (MJ/kg wood) is defined. It is then used to evaluate the performances of three of the most promising pretreatment technologies: steam explosion, organosolv, and sulfite pretreatment to overcome lignocelluloses recalcitrance (SPORL) for softwood pretreatment. The present study found that SPORL is the most efficient process and produced highest sugar yield. Other important issues, such as the effects of lignin on substrate saccharification and the effects of pretreatment on high-value lignin utilization in woody biomass pretreatment, are also discussed.
高效纤维素糖化的障碍、预处理能耗，特别是木材尺寸减小的能耗，以及评价预处理性能的标准。提出了一种化学后预处理的尺寸减小方法，可显著降低机械能消耗。由于生物燃料生产的最终目标是净能量输出，因此定义了基于总糖回收量（kg/kg 木材）除以预处理能耗（MJ/kg 木材）的预处理能量效率（kg/MJ）的概念，用于评估三种最有前途的预处理技术的性能：蒸汽爆破、有机溶剂法和亚硫酸盐预处理克服木质纤维素抗性（SPORL）用于软木预处理。本研究发现，SPORL 是最有效的工艺，产生了最高的糖产量。还讨论了其他重要问题，如木质素对基质糖化的影响以及预处理对木质生物质预处理中高价值木质素利用的影响。
