Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06122 Perugia, Italy.
Institute for Molecular Cell Biology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 5, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 May 16;19(5):1474. doi: 10.3390/ijms19051474.
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), a serine-threonine kinase, plays a pivotal role in regulating cell growth and proliferation. Notably, a great deal of evidence indicates that mTOR signaling is also crucial in controlling proliferation and differentiation of several stem cell compartments. Consequently, dysregulation of the mTOR pathway is often associated with a variety of disease, such as cancer and metabolic and genetic disorders. For instance, hyperactivation of mTORC1 in neural stem cells (NSCs) is associated with the insurgence of neurological manifestation characterizing tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). In this review, we survey the recent contributions of TSC physiopathology studies to understand the role of mTOR signaling in both neurogenesis and tumorigenesis and discuss how these new insights can contribute to developing new therapeutic strategies for neurological diseases and cancer.
雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）是一种丝氨酸-苏氨酸激酶，在调节细胞生长和增殖方面发挥着关键作用。值得注意的是，大量证据表明，mTOR 信号通路对于控制几种干细胞区室的增殖和分化也至关重要。因此，mTOR 途径的失调通常与各种疾病有关，如癌症、代谢和遗传疾病。例如，神经干细胞（NSCs）中 mTORC1 的过度激活与结节性硬化症（TSC）特征性的神经表现的出现有关。在这篇综述中，我们调查了 TSC 病理生理学研究的最新进展，以了解 mTOR 信号在神经发生和肿瘤发生中的作用，并讨论这些新的见解如何有助于为神经疾病和癌症开发新的治疗策略。
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