Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Front Immunol. 2018 May 3;9:970. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00970. eCollection 2018.
Protein O-linked -acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a dynamic posttranslational modification influencing the function of many intracellular proteins. Recently it was revealed that O-GlcNAc regulation is modified under various stress states, including ischemia and oxidative stress. Aside from a few contradictory studies based on animal models, the effect of exercise on O-GlcNAc is unexplored.
To evaluate O-GlcNAc levels in white blood cells (WBC) of human volunteers following physical exercise.
Young (age 30 ± 5.2), healthy male volunteers ( = 6) were enlisted for the study. Blood parameters including metabolites, ions, "necro"-enzymes, and cell counts were measured before and after a single bout of exercise (2-mile run). From WBC samples, we performed western blots to detect O-GlcNAc modified proteins. The distribution of O-GlcNAc in WBC subpopulations was assessed by flow cytometry.
Elevation of serum lactic acid (increased from 1.3 ± 0.4 to 6.9 ± 1.7 mM), creatinine (from 77.5 ± 6.3 U/L to 102.2 ± 7.0 μM), and lactate dehydrogenase (from 318.5 ± 26.2 to 380.5 ± 33.2 U/L) confirmed the effect of exercise. WBC count also significantly increased (from 6.6 ± 1.0 to 8.4 ± 1.4 G/L). The level of O-GlcNAc modified proteins in WBCs showed significant elevation after exercise (85 ± 51%, < 0.05). Flow cytometry revealed that most of this change could be attributed to lymphocytes and monocytes.
Our results indicate that short-term exercise impacts the O-GlcNAc status of WBCs. O-GlcNAc modification could be a natural process by which physical activity modulates the immune system. Further research could elucidate the role of O-GlcNAc during exercise and validate O-GlcNAc as a biomarker for fitness assessment.
蛋白质 O -linked -N-乙酰葡糖胺（O-GlcNAc）是一种动态的翻译后修饰，影响许多细胞内蛋白的功能。最近发现，O-GlcNAc 调节在各种应激状态下发生变化，包括缺血和氧化应激。除了少数基于动物模型的有争议的研究外，运动对 O-GlcNAc 的影响尚未得到探索。
评估人体白细胞（WBC）中 O-GlcNAc 水平在运动后的变化。
招募了 6 名年轻（年龄 30±5.2 岁）、健康的男性志愿者进行这项研究。在单次 2 英里跑步运动前后，测量血液参数，包括代谢物、离子、“坏死”酶和细胞计数。从 WBC 样本中，我们进行了 Western blot 检测以检测 O-GlcNAc 修饰的蛋白。通过流式细胞术评估 O-GlcNAc 在 WBC 亚群中的分布。
血清乳酸（从 1.3±0.4 增加到 6.9±1.7mM）、肌酐（从 77.5±6.3μM 增加到 102.2±7.0μM）和乳酸脱氢酶（从 318.5±26.2 增加到 380.5±33.2U/L）的升高证实了运动的效果。白细胞计数也显著增加（从 6.6±1.0 增加到 8.4±1.4G/L）。运动后 WBC 中 O-GlcNAc 修饰蛋白的水平显著升高（85±51%，<0.05）。流式细胞术显示，这种变化主要归因于淋巴细胞和单核细胞。
我们的结果表明，短期运动影响 WBC 的 O-GlcNAc 状态。O-GlcNAc 修饰可能是一种自然过程，通过该过程，身体活动调节免疫系统。进一步的研究可以阐明 O-GlcNAc 在运动过程中的作用，并验证 O-GlcNAc 作为评估健康状况的生物标志物。
