Bolat Durmuş, Kürüm Aytül, Canpolat Sıla
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Kırıkkale University, Yahsihan, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Kırıkkale University, Yahsihan, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2018 Aug;47(4):338-345. doi: 10.1111/ahe.12359. Epub 2018 May 18.
The pineal gland is a neuroendocrine organ associated with photoperiodic regulation in mammals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pineal gland at the pre-pubertal, pubertal and post-pubertal periods by means of morphology and stereology. The study examined at total of 24 ovine pineal glands collected from healthy female Akkaraman breed. Thick sections (40 μm) were cut and treated with synaptophysin. Following each thick section, six consecutive sections at a thickness of 5 μm were cut. Each thin section was stained with one of the following dyes: Crossman's modified triple dye, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), melatonin marker, periodic acid-Schiff, Von Kossa and AgNOR. The pineal gland volume was measured using Cavalieri's method. The optical fractionator was used to estimate the total number of pinealocytes. The percentage of parenchyma and connective tissue and degree of vascularization were estimated by the area fraction fractionator method. The pineal gland volumes in the pre-pubertal, pubertal and post-pubertal groups were 7.53 ± 1.715 mm , 11.20 ± 1.336 mm and 17.75 ± 1.188 mm , respectively (p < .5). The number of pinealocytes in the pre-pubertal, pubertal and post-pubertal groups was 3,244,000 ± 228,076, 4,438,000 ± 243,610, 7,381,766 ± 406,223, respectively (p < .05). The glands of the post-pubertal group contained the highest amount of connective tissue (11.49 ± 2.103%; p < .5) and the largest GFAP staining area (p < .05). The melatonin staining density was the highest in the pubertal group. The density of lipofuscin staining was higher in the pubertal and post-pubertal groups.
松果体是一种与哺乳动物光周期调节相关的神经内分泌器官。本研究的目的是通过形态学和体视学方法评估青春期前、青春期和青春期后阶段的松果体。该研究检查了从健康的雌性阿卡勒曼品种收集的总共24个绵羊松果体。切取厚切片（40μm）并用突触素处理。在每个厚切片之后，连续切取6个厚度为5μm的切片。每个薄切片用以下染料之一染色：克罗斯曼改良三色染料、胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、褪黑素标记物、过碘酸希夫试剂、冯科萨染色和核仁组成区嗜银蛋白染色。使用卡瓦列里方法测量松果体体积。光学分割器用于估计松果体细胞的总数。通过面积分数分割器方法估计实质和结缔组织的百分比以及血管化程度。青春期前、青春期和青春期后组的松果体体积分别为7.53±1.715mm³、11.20±1.336mm³和17.75±1.188mm³（p<0.5）。青春期前、青春期和青春期后组的松果体细胞数量分别为3244000±228076、4438000±243610、7381766±406223，分别（p<0.05）。青春期后组的腺体含有最高量的结缔组织（11.49±2.103%；p<0.5）和最大的GFAP染色面积（p<0.05）。褪黑素染色密度在青春期组中最高。脂褐素染色密度在青春期和青春期后组中较高。
