Blázquez-Fernández Carla, Cantarero-Prieto David, Pascual-Sáez Marta
Department of Economics, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; GEN Governance and Economics Network, Spain.
Department of Economics, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain; GEN Governance and Economics Network, Spain.
Gac Sanit. 2019 Jul-Aug;33(4):389-394. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2018.01.006. Epub 2018 May 22.
To analyse the impact of per capita income and environmental air quality variables on health expenditure determinants.
In this study, we analyse the relationship between air pollution and health expenditure in 29 OECD countries over the period 1995-2014. In addition, we test whether our findings differ between countries with higher or lower incomes.
The econometric results show that per capita income has a positive effect on health expenditure, but is not as statistically significant as expected when lag-time is incorporated. In addition, an anchorage effect is observed, which implies that about 80%-90% of previous expenditure explain current expenditure. Our empirical results are quite consistent between groups and when compared with the full sample. Nevertheless, there appear to be some differences when broken down by financing scheme (total, public, and private).
Overall, our findings could be used to clarify the appropriate health expenditure level or to obtain better environmental quality and social well-being. That is, empirical support is provided on how health management and policy makers should include more considerations for the use of cleaner fuels in developed countries.
分析人均收入和环境空气质量变量对卫生支出决定因素的影响。
在本研究中，我们分析了1995年至2014年期间29个经合组织国家空气污染与卫生支出之间的关系。此外，我们还检验了我们的研究结果在高收入国家和低收入国家之间是否存在差异。
计量经济学结果表明，人均收入对卫生支出有积极影响，但在纳入滞后时间后，其统计显著性不如预期。此外，还观察到一种锚定效应，这意味着约80%-90%的前期支出可解释当期支出。我们的实证结果在各分组之间以及与全样本相比时相当一致。然而，按融资方案（总计、公共和私人）细分时似乎存在一些差异。
总体而言，我们的研究结果可用于明确适当的卫生支出水平或获得更好的环境质量和社会福祉。也就是说，为卫生管理和政策制定者在发达国家应如何更多地考虑使用清洁燃料提供了实证支持。
