Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York.
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
J Am Coll Radiol. 2018 Aug;15(8):1073-1079. doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2018.04.014. Epub 2018 May 18.
To assess geographic variation in gender disparities in the US radiologist workforce.
Gender, location, and practice affiliation of all radiologists and gender of all nonradiologists were identified for all providers listed in the Medicare Physician Compare database. Variation in female representation among radiologists was summarized at state, county, and individual practice levels, and associations with a variety of county-level population characteristics were explored.
Nationally, 23.1% (7,501 of 32,429) of all radiologists were women versus 46.6% (481,831 of 1,034,909) of Medicare-participating nonradiologists. At the state level, female representation among radiologists was overall highest in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic regions (Washington DC, 39.3%; Massachusetts, 34.3%; Maryland, 31.5%) and lowest in the West and Midwest (Wyoming, 9.0%; Montana, 10.7%; Idaho, 11.7%). At the county level, female representation varied from 0.0% to 100.0%, with weak positive correlations with county-level population (r = +0.39), median household income (r = +0.25), college education (r = +0.23), English nonproficiency (r = +0.21), mammography screening rates (r = +0.12), Democratic voting in the 2016 presidential election (r = +0.28), and weak negative correlation with county-level rural population percentage (r = -0.32). Among practices with ≥10 members, female representation varied greatly (0.0% to 100.0%). Female representation was higher among academic (32.3%) than nonacademic (20.6%) radiologists, and in states with higher female-to-male relative earnings (r = +0.556).
Compared with nonradiologists, women are underrepresented in the national radiologist workforce. This underrepresentation is highly variable at state, county, and practice levels and is partially explained by a variety of demographic, socioeconomic, and political factors. These insights could help inform and drive initiatives to reduce gender disparities and more actively engage women in the specialty.
评估美国放射科医生劳动力中性别差异的地域差异。
从 Medicare Physician Compare 数据库中列出的所有提供者中确定所有放射科医生的性别、位置和执业机构，以及所有非放射科医生的性别。在州、县和个体执业层面总结放射科医生中女性代表的变化，并探讨与各种县一级人口特征的关联。
在全国范围内，23.1%（7501 名/32429 名）的所有放射科医生为女性，而在参与 Medicare 的非放射科医生中，女性占 46.6%（481831 名/1034909 名）。在州一级，放射科医生中的女性代表整体上在东北部和大西洋中部地区最高（华盛顿特区，39.3%；马萨诸塞州，34.3%；马里兰州，31.5%），在西部和中西部地区最低（怀俄明州，9.0%；蒙大拿州，10.7%；爱达荷州，11.7%）。在县一级，女性代表的比例从 0.0%到 100.0%不等，与县一级人口（r=+0.39）、家庭中位数收入（r=+0.25）、大学教育（r=+0.23）、非英语熟练程度（r=+0.21）、乳房 X 光筛查率（r=+0.12）、2016 年总统选举中民主投票（r=+0.28）呈弱正相关，与县一级农村人口比例（r=-0.32）呈弱负相关。在有≥10 名成员的实践中，女性代表的比例差异很大（0.0%到 100.0%）。学术性（32.3%）放射科医生中的女性代表比例高于非学术性（20.6%）放射科医生，且在女性与男性相对收入较高的州（r=+0.556）中比例更高。
与非放射科医生相比，女性在全国放射科医生劳动力中代表性不足。这种代表性在州、县和实践层面差异很大，部分原因是各种人口、社会经济和政治因素。这些见解可以帮助了解和推动减少性别差距并更积极地让女性参与该专业的倡议。
