Pasechnyk Olena V, Hendel Nataliia V
National University «Odesa Law Academy», Odesa, Ukraine.
Wiad Lek. 2018;71(3 pt 2):772-776.
Introduction: The development of international legal cooperation in the field of health has largely been driven by the trade interests of states. The aim: The article analyzes the legal regulation of the circulation of medicines through the prism of the law of the World Trade Organization.
Materials and methods: Using the historical legal method has allowed to analyze the genesis of legal regulation of the circulation of medicines through the prism of the law of the World Trade Organization. The dialectical method is widely used, in particular, when it comes to the issue of the ratio of market regulation of medicines circulation and public health protection, the formal logic method, in particular, in formulating the general principles, principles and methods of legal regulation in the field of medicines, as well as the systemic method, in particular, in defining the institutional component of legal regulation in the field of medicines.
Review: The activities of the WTO include several areas related to health protection: international control over infectious diseases, international legal regulation of food safety (food security), tobacco control, environmental protection, international legal aspects of access and treatment of medicinal and pharmaceutical products, international legal regulation of medical services provision.
Conclusions: It is proved that the right to health is a right to access to medicines. However, for many developing countries, it is problematic to obtain patents for the production of necessary medicines or to pay a license fee, which creates a barrier to the realization of the right to health.
引言：卫生领域国际法律合作的发展在很大程度上是由各国的贸易利益驱动的。目的：本文通过世界贸易组织法律的视角分析药品流通的法律规制。
材料与方法：运用历史法学方法，得以通过世界贸易组织法律的视角分析药品流通法律规制的起源。广泛运用辩证方法，特别是在涉及药品流通市场监管与公共卫生保护的比例问题时；运用形式逻辑方法，特别是在制定药品领域法律规制的一般原则、准则和方法时；以及运用系统方法，特别是在界定药品领域法律规制的制度构成部分时。
综述：世界贸易组织的活动包括几个与卫生保护相关的领域：对传染病的国际管控、食品安全（粮食安全）的国际法律规制、烟草控制、环境保护、药品和医药产品获取与治疗的国际法律方面、医疗服务提供的国际法律规制。
结论：事实证明，健康权是获取药品的权利。然而，对许多发展中国家来说，获取生产必需药品的专利或支付许可费存在问题，这对健康权的实现构成了障碍。
