Santana-Martinez J C, Silva J J, Dussan J
Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas,Centro de Investigaciones Microbiológicas (CIMIC), Universidad de los Andes,Bogotá,Colombia.
Bull Entomol Res. 2019 Feb;109(1):111-118. doi: 10.1017/S0007485318000342. Epub 2018 May 22.
Lysinibacillus sphaericus (Bacillales: Planococcaceae) is a spore-forming bacillus used for the biological control of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) due to its larvicidal activity determined by various toxins and S-layer protein produced either during sporulation or by the vegetative cell. Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus are the vectors of arboviruses that cause tropical diseases representing a current public health problem. Both species may coexist in the same larval development sites and are susceptible to the larvicidal activity of L. sphaericus. In this study, we compared the larvicidal effects of L. sphaericus 2362 (WHO Reference strain) and native strains III(3)7 and OT4b.25 against Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti in single-species and mixed-culture bioassays. Findings showed that L. sphaericus spores, vegetative cells and a combination thereof possessed high larvicidal activity against Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae, whereas only the formulation of L. sphaericus vegetative cells was effective against Ae. aegypti larvae. Similar results were obtained for field-collected larvae. We propose that a formulation of vegetative cells of L. sphaericus 2362 or III(3)7 could be a good alternative to chemical insecticides for the in situ control of mixed populations of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus.
球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌（芽孢杆菌目：扁平球菌科）是一种形成芽孢的杆菌，因其在孢子形成过程中或营养细胞产生的各种毒素和S层蛋白所决定的杀幼虫活性，被用于蚊虫（双翅目：蚊科）的生物防治。埃及伊蚊和致倦库蚊是虫媒病毒的传播媒介，这些病毒会引发热带疾病，是当前的一个公共卫生问题。这两个物种可能共存于相同的幼虫发育场所，并且都易受球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌的杀幼虫活性影响。在本研究中，我们在单物种和混合培养生物测定中比较了球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌2362（世界卫生组织参考菌株）以及本地菌株III(3)7和OT4b.25对致倦库蚊和埃及伊蚊的杀幼虫效果。研究结果表明，球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌的孢子、营养细胞及其组合对致倦库蚊幼虫具有高杀幼虫活性，而只有球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌营养细胞制剂对埃及伊蚊幼虫有效。对于野外采集的幼虫也获得了类似结果。我们建议，球形赖氨酸芽孢杆菌2362或III(3)7营养细胞的制剂可能是化学杀虫剂的一个良好替代品，用于原位控制埃及伊蚊和致倦库蚊的混合种群。
