Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2018 Jul 5;373(1750). doi: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0217.
Gastrointestinal diseases are becoming increasingly prevalent in developed countries. Immortalized cells and animal models have delivered important but limited insight into the mechanisms that initiate and propagate these diseases. Human-specific models of intestinal development and disease are desperately needed that can recapitulate structure and function of the gut Advances in pluripotent stem cells and primary tissue culture techniques have made it possible to culture intestinal epithelial cells in three dimensions that self-assemble to form 'intestinal organoids'. These organoids allow for new, human-specific models that can be used to gain insight into gastrointestinal disease and potentially deliver new therapies to treat them. Here we review current models of intestinal development and disease, considering where improvements could be made and potential future applications in the fields of developmental modelling, drug/toxicity testing and therapeutic uses.This article is part of the theme issue 'Designer human tissue: coming to a lab near you'.
在发达国家，胃肠道疾病的发病率越来越高。永生化细胞和动物模型为这些疾病的发病机制提供了重要但有限的认识。目前迫切需要能够重现肠道结构和功能的人类特异性肠道发育和疾病模型。多能干细胞和原代组织培养技术的进步使得在三维空间中培养肠上皮细胞并自我组装形成“肠类器官”成为可能。这些类器官为新的、具有人类特异性的模型提供了可能，可用于深入了解胃肠道疾病，并有可能为治疗这些疾病提供新的治疗方法。在这里，我们综述了目前的肠道发育和疾病模型，考虑了可以改进的地方，以及在发育模型、药物/毒性测试和治疗用途等领域的潜在未来应用。本文是“设计人类组织：就在你附近的实验室”主题特刊的一部分。
