State Key Lab Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Plant Pest Control, MOA Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
State Key Lab Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Plant Pest Control, MOA Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Sep 30;160:127-133. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.064. Epub 2018 May 21.
Methylated vegetable oil adjuvants can enhance initial deposition and decrease the required dosages of pesticides sprayed on plants, so an oil adjuvant mixed with fungicides were used to prevent and control gray mold in greenhouse strawberry. As the persistence and dietary exposure risks from fungicides on strawberries after using adjuvants have not been assessed, the efficacy, dissipation and safety of pyrimethanil and boscalid in the presence and absence of a methylated vegetable oil adjuvant were evaluated. To better describe the actual use of fungicides in greenhouse strawberry, twice repeated application of fungicides were conducted follower by an optimized QuEChERS pre-treatment method. When applied at 60% of their recommended dosages with the adjuvant, the efficacy of pyrimethanil and boscalid for gray mold was similar to that shown by the treatment of 100% fungicides in absence of the adjuvant based on Duncan's Multiple-Range test, and their average residues increased to 89.0% and 89.3%, respectively. The adjuvant enhanced the accumulation effect of pyrimethanil residue by 31.7% after repeated applications, and the half-lives were similar (5.2 and 4.2 d). The adjuvant had comparable accumulation effects (1.75 and 1.83) and similar half-lives (5.4 and 5.5 d) for boscalid. In absence of adjuvant, the risk quotients (RQs) of pyrimethanil (0.41 and 0.33) and boscalid (0.49 and 0.63) after twice applications at pre-harvest interval were lower than 1. Adding the methylated vegetable oil adjuvant to fungicides would result in unprolonging half-life and acceptably low dietary exposure risk on strawberries, but lower dosage of fungicides were used.
甲基化植物油助剂可增强农药在植物上的初始沉积并减少所需施用量，因此，将油助剂与杀菌剂混合用于预防和控制温室草莓灰霉病。由于使用助剂后杀菌剂在草莓上的持久性和膳食暴露风险尚未评估，因此评估了嘧啶苯胺和肟菌酯在存在和不存在甲基化植物油助剂时的功效、消解和安全性。为了更好地描述温室草莓中杀菌剂的实际使用情况，采用优化的 QuEChERS 前处理方法，进行了两次重复施药。当以推荐剂量的 60%施用并添加助剂时，基于邓肯氏多重范围检验，嘧啶苯胺和肟菌酯对灰霉病的防治效果与不添加助剂时 100%施药处理相当，其平均残留量分别增加到 89.0%和 89.3%。助剂在重复施药后增强了嘧啶苯胺残留的积累效应，半衰期相似（5.2 和 4.2 d）。助剂对 boscalid 的积累效应相当（1.75 和 1.83），半衰期也相似（5.4 和 5.5 d）。在不添加助剂的情况下，两次施药间隔期收获前嘧啶苯胺（0.41 和 0.33）和肟菌酯（0.49 和 0.63）的风险商（RQ）均低于 1。在杀菌剂中添加甲基化植物油助剂不会延长半衰期，且对草莓的膳食暴露风险可接受，但使用的杀菌剂剂量较低。
