Primary Care Sports Medicine Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA.
Department of Family Medicine, University of South Carolina, Greenville, South Carolina, USA.
Br J Sports Med. 2018 Sep;52(17):1097-1100. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099029. Epub 2018 May 24.
The IOC recommends periodic cardiovascular screening of athletes, but the adoption of these recommendations is unknown. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate and compare cardiovascular screening practices of countries participating in the Rio 2016 Olympic Games.
A list of chief medical officers (CMOs) was compiled by the IOC during the 2016 Olympic Games. CMOs were requested to complete an online survey about cardiovascular screening of their countries' Olympic athletes. Comparisons of screening practices were made by categorising countries by continent, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and size of athlete delegation.
CMOs for 117/207 (56.5%) countries participating in the 2016 Olympic Games were identified. 94/117 countries (80.3%) completed the survey, representing 45.4% of all countries and 8805/11 358 (77.5%) of all 2016 Olympic athletes. Most of the countries surveyed (70.2%) perform annual cardiovascular screening. Among the survey respondents, all or most athletes from each country were screened at least once with the following components: personal history (86.2% of countries), family history (85.1%), physical examination (87.2%), resting ECG (74.5%), echocardiogram (31.9%) and stress test (30.8%). Athletes were more likely to be screened with ECG in countries with relatively larger athlete delegation (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.10 to 3.80, p=0.023) and with higher GDP per capita (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.57, p=0.014).
Most of the responding countries perform annual cardiovascular screening of Olympic athletes, but there are differences in the components used. Athletes from countries with larger athlete delegations and higher GDP per capita were more likely to be screened with ECG.
国际奥委会建议对运动员进行定期心血管筛查，但这些建议的采用情况尚不清楚。本研究的目的是评估和比较参加 2016 年里约奥运会的国家的心血管筛查实践。
国际奥委会在 2016 年奥运会期间编制了一份首席医疗官名单。要求首席医疗官完成一份关于其国家奥运会运动员心血管筛查的在线调查。通过按大洲、人均国内生产总值 (GDP) 和运动员代表团规模对国家进行分类，比较筛查实践。
确定了参加 2016 年奥运会的 207 个国家中的 117 个国家的首席医疗官。117 个国家中有 94 个国家（80.3%）完成了调查，代表了所有国家的 45.4%和所有 2016 年奥运会运动员的 8805/11 358 名（77.5%）。接受调查的大多数国家（70.2%）每年进行心血管筛查。在调查对象中，每个国家的所有或大多数运动员都至少接受了以下部分检查：个人病史（86.2%的国家）、家族病史（85.1%）、体格检查（87.2%）、静息心电图（74.5%）、超声心动图（31.9%）和应激试验（30.8%）。在运动员代表团规模较大的国家（比值比 2.05，95%置信区间 1.10 至 3.80，p=0.023）和人均 GDP 较高的国家（比值比 1.69，95%置信区间 1.11 至 2.57，p=0.014），运动员更有可能接受心电图筛查。
大多数有回应的国家对奥运会运动员进行年度心血管筛查，但使用的检查组件存在差异。运动员代表团规模较大和人均 GDP 较高的国家，运动员接受心电图筛查的可能性更大。
