Schiro Gabriele, Verch Gernot, Grimm Volker, Müller Marina E H
Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Eberswalder Str. 84, D-15374 Müncheberg, Germany.
Department Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Permoserstr. 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
J Fungi (Basel). 2018 May 24;4(2):63. doi: 10.3390/jof4020063.
spp. and spp., two genera of filamentous fungi, are common colonizers of the wheat phyllosphere. Both can be pathogenic and produce mycotoxins that are harmful to consumers. Their in-field infection dynamics have been a focus for the development of new control strategies. We analysed the abundance on plant ears and spore deposition patterns of spp. and spp. in a topographically heterogeneous field. Abundances were assessed genetically, using qPCR-based techniques, and passive spore traps were installed for quantifying the spore deposition at different plant heights. Data loggers were placed to measure the differences in microclimate across the field. Results indicate different distribution and spore deposition patterns for the two fungi. spp. spore and genetic abundances were higher in spots with a more humid and colder under-canopy microclimate. spp. showed the opposite trend for genetic abundance, while its spore deposition was not correlated to any of the microclimatic conditions and was more uniform across the field. Our study extends the knowledge on the dispersal and in-field infection dynamics of spp. and spp., important for a better understanding of the epidemiology of these wheat pathogens. It also illustrates that topographically heterogeneous fields are a suitable environment for studying the ecology of phyllosphere-colonizing fungi.
某属和某属这两个丝状真菌属是小麦叶际常见的定殖菌。两者都可能具有致病性并产生对消费者有害的霉菌毒素。它们在田间的感染动态一直是新防治策略开发的重点。我们分析了在一个地形异质的田间某属和某属在麦穗上的丰度以及孢子沉积模式。使用基于定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）的技术通过基因方法评估丰度，并安装被动式孢子捕捉器以量化不同植株高度的孢子沉积。放置数据记录器以测量田间小气候的差异。结果表明这两种真菌具有不同的分布和孢子沉积模式。某属的孢子和基因丰度在冠层下微气候更潮湿和更寒冷的区域较高。某属的基因丰度呈现相反的趋势，而其孢子沉积与任何微气候条件均无相关性，且在田间分布更均匀。我们的研究扩展了对某属和某属传播及田间感染动态的认识，这对于更好地理解这些小麦病原体的流行病学很重要。它还表明地形异质的田间是研究叶际定殖真菌生态学的合适环境。
