International Medical Corps, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
The Payson Center for International Development at Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2018 May 24;13(5):e0198235. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198235. eCollection 2018.
The 2014 outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in West Africa was the largest in history. Starting in September 2014, International Medical Corps (IMC) operated five Ebola treatment units (ETUs) in Sierra Leone and Liberia. This paper explores how future infectious disease outbreak facilities in resource-limited settings can be planned, organized, and managed by analyzing data collected on water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and infection prevention control (IPC) protocols.
DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: We conducted a retrospective cohort study by analyzing WASH/IPC activity data routinely recorded on paper forms or white boards at ETUs during the outbreak and later merged into a database from two IMC-run ETUs in Sierra Leone between December 2014 and December 2015.
The IMC WASH/IPC database contains data from over 369 days. Our results highlight parameters key to designing and maintaining an ETU. High concentration chlorine solution usage was highly correlated with both daily patient occupancy and high-risk zone staff entries; low concentration chlorine usage was less well explained by these measures. There is high demand for laundering and disinfecting of personal protective equipment (PPE) on a daily basis and approximately 1 (0-4) piece of PPE is damaged each day.
RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS: Lack of standardization in the type and format of data collected at ETUs made constructing the WASH/IPC database difficult. However, the data presented here may help inform humanitarian response operations in future epidemics.
2014 年西非的埃博拉病毒病（EVD）疫情是历史上规模最大的一次。从 2014 年 9 月开始，国际医疗 Corps（IMC）在塞拉利昂和利比里亚运营了 5 个埃博拉治疗单位（ETU）。本文通过分析在资源有限的环境中为未来传染病爆发而规划、组织和管理的水、环境卫生和个人卫生（WASH）及感染预防控制（IPC）协议收集的数据，探讨了这一问题。
设计/方法/方法：我们通过分析纸面上常规记录的 ETU 的 WASH/IPC 活动数据，对其进行了回顾性队列研究/方法/方法/方法，这些数据或白板在疫情期间在塞拉利昂的两个由 IMC 运营的 ETU 中，后来合并成一个数据库，时间范围是 2014 年 12 月至 2015 年 12 月。
IMC 的 WASH/IPC 数据库包含了超过 369 天的数据。我们的结果强调了设计和维护 ETU 的关键参数。高浓度氯溶液的使用与每日患者入住率和高风险区工作人员的进入高度相关；低浓度氯的使用则与这些措施的相关性较低。每天都有大量的个人防护装备（PPE）需要清洗和消毒，每天大约有 1 件（0-4 件）PPE 受损。
研究局限性/影响：ETU 收集的数据类型和格式缺乏标准化，这使得构建 WASH/IPC 数据库变得困难。然而，这里提出的数据可能有助于为未来的流行病提供人道主义应对行动的信息。
