Serafini S, Lohmann C P, Ulbig M
Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland.
Ophthalmologe. 2019 Feb;116(2):176-180. doi: 10.1007/s00347-018-0733-x.
A 28-year-old female patient came to our clinic complaining of small central visual field defects in both eyes, without any impairments of visual acuity. She reported recent flu-like symptoms and work-related stress associated with high caffeine intake. Dark reddish cloverleaf-shaped lesions were noted in the macular region with red-free fundoscopy, and alterations of the external retinal layers were observed in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The visual field test (Octopus, program 32) revealed small central scotoma on both eyes. The fluorescein angiograms were normal. A suspected diagnosis of acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMNR) was made and the patient was scheduled for follow-up 4 weeks later. The follow-up examination showed persisting central scotoma as well as persistence of the lesions in the external retinal layers in OCT. The best-corrected visual acuity was still 20/20. In OCT angiography (OCT-A), a reduced correlation signal and therefore perfusion was detected in the outer retinal capillary plexus within the area of the fundoscopic macular lesions. Multimodal imaging, including SD-OCT and A‑OCT, plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of acute macular neuroretinopathy. Even though no serious impairments of visual acuity are reported, patients should be informed about the possibility of permanent central scotoma.
一名28岁女性患者前来我院就诊,主诉双眼中心视野出现小的缺损,但视力无任何损害。她报告近期有类似流感的症状,以及与高咖啡因摄入量相关的工作压力。无赤眼底检查发现黄斑区有暗红色三叶草形病变,光谱域光学相干断层扫描(SD-OCT)观察到视网膜外层有改变。视野检查(Octopus,程序32)显示双眼有小的中心暗点。荧光素血管造影正常。初步诊断为急性黄斑神经视网膜病变(AMNR),患者计划在4周后进行随访。随访检查显示中心暗点持续存在,OCT检查视网膜外层病变也持续存在。最佳矫正视力仍为20/20。在OCT血管造影(OCT-A)中,在眼底黄斑病变区域内的视网膜外毛细血管丛中检测到相关性信号降低,因此灌注减少。包括SD-OCT和A-OCT在内的多模态成像在急性黄斑神经视网膜病变的诊断中起着关键作用。即使没有报告严重的视力损害,也应告知患者永久性中心暗点的可能性。