State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1054:47-56. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-8195-8_5.
The major components of hair are keratins and keratin associated proteins (KRTAPs). KRTAPs form the interfilamentous matrix between intermediate filament bundles through extensive disulfide bond cross-linking with the numerous cysteine residues in hair keratins. A variable number of approximately100-180 genes compose the KRTAP gene family in mammals. KRTAP gene family members present a typical pattern of concerted evolution, and its evolutionary features are consistent with the evolution of mammalian hair. KRATP genes might be more important in determining the structure of cashmere fibers in domestic mammals like sheep and goats. KRTAP gene variants thus should provide information for improved wool by sheep and goat breeding.
头发的主要成分是角蛋白和角蛋白相关蛋白（KRTAP）。KRTAP 通过与头发角蛋白中的大量半胱氨酸残基进行广泛的二硫键交联，在中间丝束之间形成丝状基质。在哺乳动物中，大约 100-180 个基因组成 KRTAP 基因家族。KRTAP 基因家族成员呈现出典型的协同进化模式，其进化特征与哺乳动物毛发的进化一致。KRTAP 基因在决定绵羊和山羊等家畜的羊绒纤维结构方面可能更为重要。因此，KRTAP 基因变异应该为改善绵羊和山羊的羊毛提供信息。
