Liu Y F, Yao L Y, Guo Y C, Wang Q Q, Wei Y X
Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, 100029, China.
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2017 Nov 20;31(22):1726-1731. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.22.006.
To analyze the clinical features and recovery rate of post-traumatic olfactory dysfunction (PTOD) in Chinese adults in a case control follow-up study. The clinical data of 202 patients who were diagnosed with olfactory dysfunction between January 2015 and December 2016 and followed up for 14 to 473 days were analyzed in this retrospective study. The patients were divided into those with PTODs (PTOD group) and those without PTODs (non-PTOD group). The two groups were compared with regard to age (years), sex, olfactory function (Sniffin' sticks), gustatory function (triple drop method), chemosensory evoked potentials, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of olfactory pathways. The recovery rate of PTOD was evaluated by Sniffin' sticks and triple drop method. Patients in the PTOD group (40±11 years) were significantly younger than those in the non-PTOD group (47±15 years), whereas the number of men and women was similar in both groups. The mean TDI score (Sniffin' sticks) was significantly different between the PTOD (12±5) and non-PTOD (19±8) groups (<0.05). The mean oERP P2 latency was significantly shorter for the non-PTOD group (418±64 ms) than for the PTOD group (483±82 ms, <0.05). There were no significant differences in the mean oERP N1 latency, N1 amplitude, P2 amplitude, mean tERP P2 latency and MRI between the two groups. After the follow-up period, 8.9% (5/56) and 5.4% (3/56) patients in the PTOD group exhibited an improvement in olfactory function and gustatory function, respectively. PTOD should be considered a type of disability that can lead to serious accidents, and an adequate understanding of its clinical features and etiologies is critical for appropriate diagnosis and treatment and for improving the prognosis of treatment. The rate of recovery of olfactory function is higher than that of gustatory function in patients with PTOD; further investigations are required in this regard.
在一项病例对照随访研究中分析中国成年人创伤后嗅觉功能障碍（PTOD）的临床特征和恢复率。在这项回顾性研究中，分析了2015年1月至2016年12月期间被诊断为嗅觉功能障碍并随访14至473天的202例患者的临床资料。将患者分为患有PTOD的患者（PTOD组）和未患有PTOD的患者（非PTOD组）。比较两组的年龄（岁）、性别、嗅觉功能（嗅棒测试）、味觉功能（三点辨别法）、化学感觉诱发电位以及嗅觉通路的磁共振成像（MRI）特征。通过嗅棒测试和三点辨别法评估PTOD的恢复率。PTOD组患者（40±11岁）明显比非PTOD组患者（47±15岁）年轻，而两组的男性和女性数量相似。PTOD组（12±5）和非PTOD组（19±8）之间的平均嗅觉辨别力测试（TDI）评分（嗅棒测试）存在显著差异（<0.05）。非PTOD组的平均嗅觉事件相关电位（oERP）P2潜伏期（418±64毫秒）明显短于PTOD组（483±82毫秒，<0.05）。两组之间的平均oERP N1潜伏期、N1波幅、P2波幅、平均味觉事件相关电位（tERP）P2潜伏期和MRI无显著差异。随访期结束后，PTOD组分别有8.9%（5/56）和5.4%（3/56）的患者嗅觉功能和味觉功能有所改善。PTOD应被视为一种可能导致严重事故的残疾类型，充分了解其临床特征和病因对于正确诊断和治疗以及改善治疗预后至关重要。PTOD患者的嗅觉功能恢复率高于味觉功能恢复率；在这方面需要进一步研究。
