Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Airway Mucus Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; The Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Rhinology. 2022 Jun 1;60(3):200-206. doi: 10.4193/Rhin21.309.
Little is known about the occurrence of gustatory dysfunction (GD) in relation to different aetiologies of olfactory dysfunction (OD) as assessed by psychophysical chemosensory tests. The aim of this study was to analyse gustatory function in patients with OD and to investigate clinical factors associated with GD.
A total of 742 individuals who underwent both olfactory and gustatory function tests at a tertiary medical centre from November 2019 to March 2021 were retrospectively enrolled. Olfactory and gustatory function were assessed by the YSK olfactory and gustatory function tests, respectively. Patients with OD were classified into four groups according to the aetiology: sinonasal disease, post-infection OD (PIOD), post-traumatic OD (PTOD), and others. Secondary outcomes included age, sex, smoking history, and alcohol history.
Among the 488 patients with OD, 93 (19.1%) showed GD and 395 (80.9%) had normal gustatory function. Only 25 (9.8%) among 254 individuals with normosmia showed GD. Analyses of these frequencies revealed a significant association between OD and GD. In addition, the taste score was significantly lower in patients with OD than individuals with normosmia. The frequency of GD was significantly higher in patients with PTOD (53.6%) than in those with OD of other aetiologies (sinonasal disease, 6.7%; PIOD, 13.0%; others, 24.4%). In the multivariate analysis, age >=5 years and PTOD were associated with a high frequency of GD among patients with OD.
The current study show that GD is significantly associated with OD. In particular, GD is more common in patients with PTOD than in those with OD of other aetiologies.
通过心理物理化学感官测试评估不同病因的嗅觉功能障碍（OD）时，人们对味觉功能障碍（GD）的发生知之甚少。本研究旨在分析 OD 患者的味觉功能，并探讨与 GD 相关的临床因素。
回顾性纳入 2019 年 11 月至 2021 年 3 月在一家三级医疗中心同时接受嗅觉和味觉功能测试的 742 名个体。嗅觉和味觉功能分别通过 YSK 嗅觉和味觉功能测试进行评估。根据病因将 OD 患者分为四组：鼻-鼻窦疾病、感染后 OD（PIOD）、创伤后 OD（PTOD）和其他。次要结局包括年龄、性别、吸烟史和饮酒史。
在 488 名 OD 患者中，93 名（19.1%）存在 GD，395 名（80.9%）具有正常味觉功能。在 254 名嗅觉正常的个体中，仅有 25 名（9.8%）存在 GD。对这些频率的分析表明，OD 与 GD 之间存在显著关联。此外，OD 患者的味觉评分明显低于嗅觉正常的个体。PTOD 患者的 GD 发生率（53.6%）明显高于其他病因的 OD 患者（鼻-鼻窦疾病，6.7%；PIOD，13.0%；其他，24.4%）。多变量分析显示，年龄>=5 岁和 PTOD 与 OD 患者 GD 发生率较高相关。
本研究表明 GD 与 OD 显著相关。特别是，与其他病因的 OD 患者相比，PTOD 患者的 GD 更常见。
