Luque E, Martín J D, Peña J, Roldan R, Vaamonde R
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Cordoba, Spain.
Histol Histopathol. 1987 Oct;2(4):357-68.
The pathogenesis of skeletal muscle necrosis produced by Tityus Serrulatus venom was studied by means of light microscopy and electron microscopy. Wistar rats were inoculated subcutaneously, at some distance from the muscles under study, with a sublethal dose of scorpion venom. Samples were taken of the tibialis anterior muscles of both rear legs, 2, 7 and 24 hours postinoculation. Light microscopy analysis after 2 hours revealed certain changes identified as "delta lesions", and also the presence of hyperconcentrated muscle cells. Electron microscopy confirmed these lesions and also enabled us to identify a degree of discontinuity in the plasma membrane with a persistence of the basal membrane. Hyperconcentrated fibers could still be observed 7 hours postinoculation. Histochemical analysis revealed high levels of calcium within the fibers. 24 hours after inoculation with the venom, numerous phagocytic cells were found in the degenerated fibers. Muscle cells were also found to have undergone alterations indicative of an ischemic process. The most characteristic finding 7 days postinoculation was the appearance of regenerative fibers. After thirty days the muscles regained their normal appearance. It is suggested that Tityus Serrulatus venom induces myonecrosis by means of a twofold action: direct action, which gives rise in the first place to a rupture of the plasma membrane, permitting a massive entry of calcium this being a key factor in the process of cell lesion and an assumed indirect action due to ischemia.
通过光学显微镜和电子显微镜研究了锯齿脂鲤属毒蝎毒液导致骨骼肌坏死的发病机制。将亚致死剂量的蝎毒皮下接种到Wistar大鼠身上，接种部位距离所研究的肌肉有一定距离。在接种后2小时、7小时和24小时，采集大鼠两条后腿的胫前肌样本。接种2小时后的光学显微镜分析显示出某些被确定为“δ病变”的变化，以及存在高浓缩的肌肉细胞。电子显微镜证实了这些病变，还使我们能够识别质膜的一定程度的连续性中断，同时基底膜持续存在。接种7小时后仍可观察到高浓缩的纤维。组织化学分析显示纤维内钙含量很高。接种毒液24小时后，在退化的纤维中发现了大量吞噬细胞。还发现肌肉细胞发生了表明缺血过程的改变。接种7天后最典型的发现是再生纤维的出现。30天后肌肉恢复了正常外观。研究表明，锯齿脂鲤属毒蝎毒液通过双重作用诱导肌坏死：直接作用，首先导致质膜破裂，使大量钙进入，这是细胞损伤过程中的关键因素；以及假定的由于缺血引起的间接作用。
