Center of Excellence for Occupational Health Engineering, Occupational Health and Safety Research Center, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Center of Excellence for Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Epidemiol Health. 2018 May 18;40:e2018019. doi: 10.4178/epih.e2018019. eCollection 2018.
Throughout the world, mines are dangerous workplaces with high accident rates. According to the Statistical Center of Iran, the number of occupational accidents in Iranian mines has increased in recent years. This study investigated and analyzed the human and organizational deficiencies that influenced Iranian mining accidents.
In this study, the data associated with 305 mining accidents were analyzed using a systems analysis approach to identify critical deficiencies in organizational influences, unsafe supervision, preconditions for unsafe acts, and workers' unsafe acts. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to model the interactions among these deficiencies.
Organizational deficiencies had a direct positive effect on workers' violations (path coefficient, 0.16) and workers' errors (path coefficient, 0.23). The effect of unsafe supervision on workers' violations and workers' errors was also significant, with path coefficients of 0.14 and 0.20, respectively. Likewise, preconditions for unsafe acts had a significant effect on both workers' violations (path coefficient, 0.16) and workers' errors (path coefficient, 0.21). Moreover, organizational deficiencies had an indirect positive effect on workers' unsafe acts, mediated by unsafe supervision and preconditions for unsafe acts. Among the variables examined in the current study, organizational influences had the strongest impact on workers' unsafe acts.
Organizational deficiencies were found to be the main cause of accidents in the mining sector, as they affected all other aspects of system safety. In order to prevent occupational accidents, organizational deficiencies should be modified first.
在全球范围内，矿山是事故发生率较高的危险工作场所。根据伊朗统计中心的数据，近年来，伊朗矿山的职业事故数量有所增加。本研究调查和分析了影响伊朗采矿事故的人为和组织缺陷。
在这项研究中，采用系统分析方法对与 305 起矿山事故相关的数据进行了分析，以确定组织影响、不安全监督、不安全行为前提条件和工人不安全行为方面的关键缺陷。偏最小二乘结构方程建模（PLS-SEM）用于对这些缺陷之间的相互作用进行建模。
组织缺陷对工人违规行为（路径系数为 0.16）和工人失误（路径系数为 0.23）有直接的正向影响。不安全监督对工人违规行为和工人失误的影响也很显著，路径系数分别为 0.14 和 0.20。同样，不安全行为前提条件对工人违规行为（路径系数为 0.16）和工人失误（路径系数为 0.21）都有显著影响。此外，组织缺陷通过不安全监督和不安全行为前提条件对工人不安全行为产生间接的正向影响。在本研究中检查的变量中，组织影响对工人不安全行为的影响最大。
研究发现，组织缺陷是矿山部门事故的主要原因，因为它们影响了系统安全的所有其他方面。为了防止职业事故，首先应修改组织缺陷。
