Role of plasma epinephrine in fasted exercising rats.

We have investigated the physiological role of the marked increase in plasma epinephrine that occurs in fasted exercising rats. Fasted adrenodemedullated (ADM) rats show a marked reduction in endurance run times compared with sham-operated (SO) controls. After running for 30 min at 21 m/min up a 10% grade, ADM rats' blood glucose was 2.9 +/- 0.1 mM vs. 4.3 +/- 0.2 mM in SO rats. At the same time, blood lactate was 3.0 +/- 0.2 mM in SO rats compared with 1.0 +/- 0.1 mM in ADM rats. Glycogenolysis was impaired in ADM rats in the fast-twitch white region of the quadriceps, lateral gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles but not in the fast-twitch red region of the quadriceps muscle. Hepatic adenosine 3',-5'-cyclic monophosphate was increased to the same extent in ADM and SO rats during exercise. Infusion of epinephrine into ADM rats during exercise corrected the hypoglycemia, restored lactate to normal, and stimulated glycogenolysis in soleus, white quadriceps, and lateral gastrocnemius muscles. Epinephrine-dependent glycogenolysis in contracting type I and noncontracting type II muscle fibers apparently provides essential quantities of lactate for hepatic gluconeogenesis in fasted exercising rats.