Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 100700, China.
State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shandong 276006, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2018 Oct 5;224:177-194. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.034. Epub 2018 May 26.
Trichosanthis Fructus (ripe fruits of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. and Trichosanthes rosthornii Harms) is an essential traditional Chinese medicine to treat thoracic obstruction, angina, cardiac failure, myocardial infarction, pulmonary heart disease, some cerebral ischaemic diseases, etc. The present report reviews the advancements in research on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Trichosanthis Fructus. Finally, perspectives on future research and its possible directions are discussed.
This review provides up-to-date information about the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and quality control of Trichosanthis Fructus and discusses the perspectives on future research and possible directions of this traditional Chinese Medicine and its origin plants.
The information on Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. and Trichosanthes rosthornii Harms was collected from published scientific materials, including books; monographs on medicinal plants; pharmacopoeia and electronic databases such as SCI finder, PubMed, Web of Science, ACS, Science Direct, Wiley, Springer, Taylor, CNKI and Google Scholar.
Approximately 162 compounds, including terpenoids, phytosterols, flavonoids, nitrogenous compounds and lignans, have been isolated and identified from Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. and Trichosanthes rosthornii Harms. Numerous studies have shown that the extracts and compounds isolated from these two plants exhibit pharmacological activities, including protection against myocardial ischaemia, calcium antagonist, endothelial cell protection, anti-hypoxic, anti-platelet aggregation, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antioxidant.
Trichosanthis Fructus is an essential traditional Chinese medicine with pharmacological activities that mainly affect the cardiovascular system. This review summarises its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology. Future research is needed to clarify the different uses of the seeds, pericarps and fruits. Quality control of investigations of the fruits should be improved, and the potential uses of the flesh, leaves and twigs should be further explored.
瓜蒌（栝楼的成熟果实，包括括楼和双边栝楼）是一种重要的中药，用于治疗胸痹、心绞痛、心力衰竭、心肌梗死、肺心病、某些脑缺血性疾病等。本报告综述了瓜蒌的植物学、传统用途、植物化学和药理学研究进展。最后，讨论了未来研究的展望和可能方向。
本综述提供了瓜蒌的植物学、传统用途、植物化学、药理学、毒性和质量控制的最新信息，并讨论了这种中药及其来源植物的未来研究和可能方向的前景。
从已发表的科学文献中收集括楼和双边括楼的信息，包括书籍、药用植物专着、药典和 SCI 查找器、PubMed、Web of Science、ACS、Science Direct、Wiley、Springer、Taylor、CNKI 和 Google Scholar 等电子数据库。
从括楼和双边括楼中分离鉴定了约 162 种化合物，包括萜类、甾醇、类黄酮、含氮化合物和木脂素。许多研究表明，这两种植物的提取物和化合物具有多种药理活性，包括心肌缺血保护、钙拮抗剂、内皮细胞保护、抗缺氧、抗血小板聚集、祛痰、抗炎、细胞毒性和抗氧化作用。
瓜蒌是一种重要的中药，具有主要影响心血管系统的药理活性。本综述总结了其植物学、传统用途、植物化学和药理学。需要进一步研究阐明种子、果皮和果实的不同用途。应改进对果实的调查的质量控制，并进一步探索果肉、叶片和小枝的潜在用途。
