Oliveira Adilson Cardoso de, Rubinsky-Elefant Guita, Merigueti Yslla Fernanda Fitz Balo, Batista Aline da Silveira, Santarém Vamilton Alvares
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal, Universidade do Oeste Paulista - UNOESTE, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil.
Laboratório de Soroepidemiologia e Imunobiologia, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2018 Apr-Jun;27(2):141-145. doi: 10.1590/s1984-296120180025. Epub 2018 May 24.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of anti-Toxocara antibodies in naturally infected broiler chickens (n = 189) from the state of Paraná, southern Brazil. The chickens were reared in a semi-intensive system by small family farmers (n = 7). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the presence of anti- Toxocara spp. IgY after serum adsorption with Ascaridia galli antigens. An overall seroprevalence of 67.7% (128/189; 95% CI = 61.1-74.4) was observed. The frequency of positive animals by farm ranged from 29.6% to 100%. The optical density and reactivity index values observed in ELISA test indicated the possible chronicity of infection of the evaluated chickens. Associations between the presence of antibodies and the area where the chickens were reared (p = 0.382) or the population density of dogs on the farm (p = 0.785) were not observed. This study shows a high prevalence of Toxocara spp. antibodies in broiler chickens reared in semi-intensive systems and provides evidence that chickens are a good indicator of environmental contamination by larva migrans agents. Further studies are necessary to assess the risk factors associated with poultry infection and the likelihood of toxocariasis transmission to humans via the ingestion of free-range chicken meat.
本研究的目的是评估巴西南部巴拉那州自然感染的肉鸡（n = 189）中抗弓首蛔虫抗体的存在情况。这些鸡由小农户（n = 7）采用半集约化系统饲养。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法，在用鸡蛔虫抗原吸附血清后检测抗弓首蛔虫属IgY的存在情况。观察到总体血清阳性率为67.7%（128/189；95%置信区间= 61.1 - 74.4）。各养殖场阳性动物的频率在29.6%至100%之间。ELISA试验中观察到的光密度和反应指数值表明所评估鸡只感染可能具有慢性特征。未观察到抗体的存在与鸡只饲养区域（p = 0.382）或养殖场狗的种群密度（p = 0.785）之间的关联。本研究表明在半集约化系统饲养的肉鸡中弓首蛔虫属抗体的高流行率，并提供了证据证明鸡是幼虫移行病原体环境污染的良好指示物。有必要进一步开展研究，以评估与家禽感染相关的风险因素以及通过食用散养鸡肉将弓首蛔虫病传播给人类的可能性。
