Grama Daliane Faria, Lescano Susana Zevallos, Pereira Mota Kelem Cristina, dos Anjos Pultz Brunna, Miranda Juliana Silva, Silva Segundo Gesmar Rodrigues, Taketomi Ernesto Akio, Fernandes Karla Pereira, Limongi Jean Ezequiel, de Paula Fabiana Martins, Chieffi Pedro Paulo, Cury Márcia Cristina
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Laboratório de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo (USP), Laboratório de Helmintologia, São Paulo, Brazil.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2014 Dec;108(12):797-803. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/tru165. Epub 2014 Oct 13.
Epidemiological studies around the world suggest that infection with Toxocara spp. can contribute to the development or worsening of atopic diseases, especially in children. This study investigated the seroprevalence of toxocariasis in atopic children treated at the pediatric clinic of the Federal University of Uberlândia Clinical Hospital, identifying possible relationships with risk factors.
The study was conducted between November 2011 and March 2013. Blood samples were collected from 173 children aged 6 to 15 years, who were first subjected to clinical exams and then to a skin-prick test to determine the presence or absence of atopy. Risk factors for toxocariasis were analyzed based on a questionnaire. Serum samples were tested for the presence of IgG antibodies to Toxocara spp. by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
The seroprevalence of Toxocara spp. was 19.6% (24/122) in atopic children and 15% (8/51) in non-atopic children, with no statistical difference. No significant association was found between infection and possible risk factors in atopic and non-atopic children.
Although no statistical association was found between human toxocariasis and atopy, this study revealed a high seroprevalence of Toxocara spp. in children that may indicate environmental contamination with the parasite's eggs in the area where these children live.
世界各地的流行病学研究表明，感染弓蛔虫属可促使特应性疾病的发生或加重，尤其是在儿童中。本研究调查了在乌贝兰迪亚联邦大学临床医院儿科诊所接受治疗的特应性儿童中弓蛔虫病的血清流行率，确定其与危险因素之间的可能关系。
研究于2011年11月至2013年3月进行。采集了173名6至15岁儿童的血样，这些儿童首先接受临床检查，然后进行皮肤点刺试验以确定是否存在特应性。基于一份问卷分析了弓蛔虫病的危险因素。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法检测血清样本中抗弓蛔虫属IgG抗体的存在情况。
特应性儿童中弓蛔虫属的血清流行率为19.6%（24/122），非特应性儿童中为15%（8/51），无统计学差异。在特应性和非特应性儿童中，未发现感染与可能的危险因素之间存在显著关联。
尽管未发现人类弓蛔虫病与特应性之间存在统计学关联，但本研究显示儿童中弓蛔虫属的血清流行率较高，这可能表明这些儿童居住地区的环境受到该寄生虫卵的污染。
