日本儿童自闭症谱系障碍的诊断年龄
The Age at Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children in Japan.
作者信息
Kurasawa Shigeki, Tateyama Kiyomi, Iwanaga Ryoichiro, Ohtoshi Taro, Nakatani Ken, Yokoi Katsushi
机构信息
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences, 3-11-1 Asahigaoka, Kashiwara 582-0026, Japan.
Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, College of Health and Human Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 3-7-30 Habikino, Habikino, Osaka 583-8555, Japan.
出版信息
Int J Pediatr. 2018 May 7;2018:5374725. doi: 10.1155/2018/5374725. eCollection 2018.
BACKGROUND
No large-scale study of the timing of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis has been performed in Japan to date. The aim of this study was to examine sex differences and annual trends in age at diagnosis of ASD using clinical data.
METHODS
Clinical data for children aged less than 18 years diagnosed with ASD between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2013, and in whom follow-up was possible 1 year after diagnosis, were extracted.
RESULTS
The mean age at ASD diagnosis was 7.2 ± 4.2 years and the mode age was 3 years. No sex difference was observed for age at diagnosis ( = 0.157). An annual trend of earlier diagnosis was observed when fiscal years were compared ( < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
This study highlighted the need to develop and provide appropriate early intervention methods and services for ASD children in Japan.
背景
迄今为止，日本尚未对自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的诊断时机进行大规模研究。本研究的目的是利用临床数据研究ASD诊断年龄的性别差异和年度趋势。
方法
提取了2009年1月1日至2013年12月31日期间诊断为ASD且诊断后1年可进行随访的18岁以下儿童的临床数据。
结果
ASD诊断的平均年龄为7.2±4.2岁，众数年龄为3岁。诊断年龄未观察到性别差异（P = 0.157）。比较财政年度时观察到诊断提前的年度趋势（P<0.001）。
结论
本研究强调了在日本为ASD儿童开发和提供适当的早期干预方法及服务的必要性。
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