Chua Regena Xin Yi, Tay Michelle Jia Yu, Ooi Delicia Shu Qin, Siah Kewin Tien Ho, Tham Elizabeth Huiwen, Shek Lynette Pei-Chi, Meaney Michael J, Broekman Birit F P, Loo Evelyn Xiu Ling
Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
Front Neurol. 2021 Feb 15;11:603571. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.603571. eCollection 2020.
Both allergic diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders are non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that not only impact on the quality of life and but also result in substantial economic burden. Immune dysregulation and inflammation are typical hallmarks in both allergic and neurodevelopmental disorders, suggesting converging pathophysiology. Epidemiological studies provided convincing evidence for the link between allergy and neurodevelopmental diseases such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Possible factors influencing the development of these disorders include maternal depression and anxiety, gestational diabetes mellitus, maternal allergic status, diet, exposure to environmental pollutants, microbiome dysbiosis, and sleep disturbances that occur early in life. Moreover, apart from inflammation, epigenetics, gene expression, and mitochondrial dysfunction have emerged as possible underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis of these conditions. The exploration and understanding of these shared factors and possible mechanisms may enable us to elucidate the link in the comorbidity.
过敏性疾病和神经发育障碍均为非传染性疾病（NCDs），它们不仅会影响生活质量，还会导致巨大的经济负担。免疫失调和炎症是过敏性疾病和神经发育障碍的典型特征，提示存在共同的病理生理学机制。流行病学研究为过敏与神经发育疾病（如注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD））之间的联系提供了令人信服的证据。影响这些疾病发生发展的可能因素包括母亲的抑郁和焦虑、妊娠期糖尿病、母亲的过敏状态、饮食、接触环境污染物、微生物群失调以及生命早期出现的睡眠障碍。此外，除了炎症外，表观遗传学、基因表达和线粒体功能障碍已成为这些疾病发病机制中可能的潜在机制。对这些共同因素和可能机制的探索与理解，或许能使我们阐明共病中的联系。
