Centro de Investigaciones Microbiológicas CIMIC, Universidad de los Andes, Cra 1 No. 18 A - 12, Bogotá, Colombia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Aug;25(23):22790-22796. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2364-9. Epub 2018 May 31.
The widespread use of glyphosate has permeated not only small- and large-scale agriculture, but also the fight against drug trafficking and illicit crops. Health, alimentary security, and the rights of peasant and indigenous communities have been compromised in countries with intensive use of glyphosate-based herbicides. In 2015, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified this substance as probably carcinogenic to humans, leading to the suspension of aerial glyphosate spraying the same year in countries like Colombia, where glyphosate has been extensively used in illicit crop eradication. Notwithstanding, according to a study of the U.S. Geological Survey, traces of glyphosate and its main degradation product, AMPA, remain in soil year after year. This underscores the urgency and importance of assessing new technologies to degrade glyphosate present in soils and waterbodies without leaving persistent byproducts. The aim of this study was to evaluate Lysinibacillus sphaericus' glyphosate uptake as a carbon and phosphorous source by a sarcosine-mediated metabolic pathway that releases glycine as final degradation product. To accomplish this, molecular and analytic evidence were collected in vitro from sarcosine oxidase activity, a key enzyme of a degradation pathway which releases byproducts that are easy to incorporate into natural biosynthesis routes.
草甘膦的广泛使用不仅渗透到了小规模和大规模农业，还渗透到了打击毒品走私和非法作物的斗争中。在大量使用草甘膦除草剂的国家，健康、食品安全以及农民和土著社区的权利受到了损害。2015 年，国际癌症研究机构将这种物质归类为可能对人类致癌，导致同年包括哥伦比亚在内的一些国家暂停了空中喷洒草甘膦，因为哥伦比亚广泛使用草甘膦来铲除非法作物。尽管如此，根据美国地质调查局的一项研究，草甘膦及其主要降解产物 AMPA 的痕迹仍留在土壤中，一年又一年。这凸显了评估新技术以降解土壤和水体中草甘膦而不留下持久性副产物的紧迫性和重要性。本研究旨在评估球形节杆菌对草甘膦的摄取，将其作为碳和磷源，通过肌氨酸介导的代谢途径释放甘氨酸作为最终降解产物。为了实现这一目标，从肌氨酸氧化酶活性中收集了分子和分析证据，肌氨酸氧化酶是一种降解途径的关键酶，该途径释放的副产物很容易被纳入自然生物合成途径。
