Kandeger Ali, Selvi Yavuz, Tanyer Deniz Kocoglu
Department of Psychiatry, Isparta City Hospital, 32200, Isparta, Turkey.
Department of Psychiatry, Selcuk University Medicine Faculty, Konya, Turkey.
Eat Weight Disord. 2019 Feb;24(1):47-55. doi: 10.1007/s40519-018-0518-x. Epub 2018 May 31.
Individuals can generally be divided into morning, neither and evening types according to behavioral, psychological, and biological variables including appetite levels, usual meal times, sleep times, and melatonin secretion. These factors together identify a person as being part of a certain chronotype, i.e., as feeling more efficient either in the morning (morning type) or later in the day (evening type). Food addiction is defined as addictive behavior toward palatable foods and is thought to be one of the underlying risk factors for obesity. Our aim in this study was to investigate the relationship between circadian rhythm differences and food addiction via insomnia and impulsivity in university students.
Participants were 1323 university students, filled out a package of psychological tools, including the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Short Form, and Yale Food Addiction Scale. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate direct relation of food addiction with insomnia, impulsivity and obesity, and mediation regression analysis was used to investigate the indirect effect of circadian rhythm differences on food addiction.
Our findings indicated that evening types were more prone to insomnia and impulsivity, and also insomnia and impulsivity significantly contributed to the variance of food addiction. Although there was no significant linear relationship between circadian rhythm differences and food addiction, evening-type circadian preferences were indirectly associated with higher food addiction scores mediated by insomnia and impulsivity.
The most remarkable result of our work was that circadian rhythm differences seem to indirectly effect on food addiction through elevated insomnia and impulsivity.
Level V, descriptive cross-sectional survey.
根据包括食欲水平、通常用餐时间、睡眠时间和褪黑素分泌在内的行为、心理和生物学变量，个体通常可分为早晨型、中间型和夜晚型。这些因素共同确定一个人属于某种昼夜节律类型，即感觉在早晨（早晨型）或一天晚些时候（夜晚型）效率更高。食物成瘾被定义为对美味食物的成瘾行为，被认为是肥胖的潜在风险因素之一。本研究的目的是通过大学生的失眠和冲动性来调查昼夜节律差异与食物成瘾之间的关系。
参与者为1323名大学生，他们填写了一套心理测试工具，包括晨型-夜型问卷、失眠严重程度指数、巴拉特冲动性量表简版和耶鲁食物成瘾量表。采用逻辑回归分析来研究食物成瘾与失眠、冲动性和肥胖之间的直接关系，并采用中介回归分析来研究昼夜节律差异对食物成瘾的间接影响。
我们的研究结果表明，夜晚型的人更容易出现失眠和冲动性，而且失眠和冲动性显著导致了食物成瘾的差异。虽然昼夜节律差异与食物成瘾之间没有显著的线性关系，但夜晚型的昼夜偏好通过失眠和冲动性间接与较高的食物成瘾得分相关。
我们研究最显著的结果是，昼夜节律差异似乎通过失眠和冲动性的增加间接影响食物成瘾。
V级，描述性横断面调查。
