Isparta City Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Isparta, Turkey.
Selcuk University, Department of Psychiatry, Konya, Turkey.
Psychiatry Res. 2018 Oct;268:354-357. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.003. Epub 2018 Aug 2.
Humans' sleep timing and the psychological construct "diurnal preference" determines their "chronotype" (i.e., morning or evening type). Diurnal preferences can affect sleep-awake rhythms and eating behaviors. Our aim in this study was to examine the relationship between night eating symptoms and disordered eating attitudes by evaluating insomnia and chronotype differences in university students. The participants, 383 university students, filled out a package of psychological tools, including the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, the Insomnia Severity Index, the Night Eating Questionnaire, and the Eating Attitude Test. One way analysis of variance was used to investigate the relationship of chronotypes with scale scores, and mediation regression analysis was used to investigate the indirect effects of night eating symptoms on disordered eating attitudes. Insomnia and night eating scores of the participants varied statistically according to chronotypes, and both insomnia and night eating scores were associated with the evening type. Findings show that night eating symptoms have a direct effect on the chronotype differences and insomnia and an indirect effect on disordered eating attitudes, by increasing insomnia scores. In conclusion, night eating syndrome may represent the misalignment of food intake and may shift the circadian rhythm to delayed sleep phase, acting as a peripheral oscillator in human.
人类的睡眠时间和心理结构“昼夜倾向”决定了他们的“生物钟类型”（即早起型或晚睡型）。昼夜倾向会影响睡眠-觉醒节律和进食行为。我们在这项研究中的目的是通过评估大学生的失眠和生物钟类型差异，研究夜间进食症状与饮食失调态度之间的关系。参与者为 383 名大学生，填写了一套心理工具，包括Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire（MEQ，晨暮倾向问卷）、Insomnia Severity Index（ISI，失眠严重程度指数）、Night Eating Questionnaire（NQ，夜间进食问卷）和 Eating Attitude Test（EAT，饮食态度测试）。我们采用单因素方差分析来研究生物钟类型与量表得分之间的关系，采用中介回归分析来研究夜间进食症状对饮食失调态度的间接影响。参与者的失眠和夜间进食得分根据生物钟类型存在统计学差异，而且失眠和夜间进食得分都与晚睡型有关。研究结果表明，夜间进食症状对生物钟类型差异和失眠有直接影响，并通过增加失眠得分对饮食失调态度有间接影响。总之，夜间进食综合征可能代表了进食时间与昼夜节律的不匹配，可能会导致睡眠相位推迟，在人体中充当外周振荡器。
