a Division of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health and Department of Psychiatry , UConn Schools of Dental Medicine and Medicine , Farmington , CT , USA.
b Department of Psychology , Farleigh Dickinson University , Taeneck , NJ , USA.
Psychol Health. 2018 Sep;33(9):1172-1190. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2018.1478975. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
Stress management and relaxation (SMR) interventions can reduce symptoms of chronic disease and associated distress. However, there is little evidence that such interventions disrupt associations between symptoms and affect. This study examined whether SMR dampened the link between symptoms of hyperglycemia and proximal levels of affect. We predicted that during periods of increased hyperglycemia, individuals receiving SMR training, relative to controls, would demonstrate smaller increases in negative affect.
Fifty-five adult Latinos with type 2 diabetes were randomised to either one group session of diabetes education (DE-only; N = 23) or diabetes education plus eight group sessions of SMR (DE + SMR; N = 32). After treatment, participants reported five diabetes symptoms and four affective states twice daily for seven days using a bilingual telephonic system.
Mean age = 57.8 years, mean A1c = 8.4%, and ¾ was female with less than a high school education. Individuals receiving DE + SMR, compared to DE-only, showed a weaker positive within-person association between daily diabetes symptoms and nervous affect. Groups also differed on the association between symptoms and enthusiasm. Age moderated these associations in most models with older individuals showing less affect reactivity to symptoms.
Findings provide partial support for theorised mechanisms of SMR.
压力管理和放松干预可以减轻慢性病的症状和相关痛苦。然而，几乎没有证据表明这些干预措施会破坏症状与情绪之间的关联。本研究考察了压力管理是否能减轻高血糖症状与近端情绪水平之间的关联。我们预测，在血糖升高期间，接受压力管理训练的个体相对于对照组，负面情绪的增加幅度会更小。
55 名成年拉丁裔 2 型糖尿病患者被随机分为糖尿病教育组（仅接受糖尿病教育，n=23）或糖尿病教育加 8 节压力管理组（n=32）。治疗后，参与者使用双语电话系统每天两次报告五种糖尿病症状和四种情绪状态，持续七天。
平均年龄为 57.8 岁，平均 A1c 为 8.4%，四分之三为女性，受教育程度低于高中。与仅接受糖尿病教育的组相比，接受糖尿病教育加压力管理的组，每日糖尿病症状与紧张情绪之间的正相关关系较弱。两组在症状与热情之间的关联上也存在差异。年龄在大多数模型中调节了这些关联，年龄较大的个体对症状的情绪反应较小。
这些发现为压力管理的理论机制提供了部分支持。
