García Alexandra A, Brown Sharon A, Horner Sharon D, Zuñiga Julie, Arheart Kristopher L
School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA and Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
School of Nursing, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA and Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Health Educ Res. 2015 Jun;30(3):484-96. doi: 10.1093/her/cyv018. Epub 2015 May 7.
This pilot study evaluated an innovative diabetes symptom awareness and self-management educational program for Mexican Americans, a fast growing minority population experiencing a diabetes epidemic. Patients with diabetes need assistance interpreting and managing symptoms, which are often annoying and potentially life-threatening. A repeated measures randomized controlled trial was conducted with 72 Mexican Americans aged 25-75 years with type 2 diabetes. Experimental condition participants received eight weekly, in-home, one-on-one educational and behavior modification sessions with a registered nurse focusing on symptom awareness, glucose self-testing and appropriate treatments, followed by eight biweekly support telephone sessions. Wait-listed control condition participants served as comparisons at three time points. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to evaluate the effects of the intervention between- and within groups on psychosocial, behavioral and clinical outcomes. Participants were predominantly female, middle-aged, moderately acculturated and in poor glycemic control. Experimental group participants (n = 39) significantly improved glycemic control, blood pressure, symptoms, knowledge, self-efficacy, empowerment and quality of life. Post intervention focus groups reported satisfaction with the symptom focus. Addressing symptoms led to clinical and psychosocial improvements. Symptoms seem to be an important motivator and a useful prompt to engage patients in diabetes self-management behaviors to relieve symptoms and prevent complications.
这项试点研究评估了一项针对墨西哥裔美国人的创新性糖尿病症状认知与自我管理教育项目，墨西哥裔美国人是一个快速增长的少数族裔群体，正面临糖尿病流行问题。糖尿病患者在解读和管理症状方面需要帮助，这些症状常常令人烦恼且可能危及生命。对72名年龄在25 - 75岁之间的2型糖尿病墨西哥裔美国人进行了一项重复测量随机对照试验。实验组参与者接受了为期八周的、每周一次的、由注册护士上门进行的一对一教育及行为矫正课程，重点是症状认知、血糖自我检测及适当治疗，随后是为期八周的每两周一次的支持性电话随访。等待名单对照组参与者在三个时间点作为对照。采用分层线性模型评估组间和组内干预对心理社会、行为和临床结局的影响。参与者主要为女性、中年、文化适应程度中等且血糖控制不佳。实验组参与者（n = 39）的血糖控制、血压、症状、知识、自我效能感、自主能力和生活质量均有显著改善。干预后的焦点小组报告对以症状为重点表示满意。关注症状带来了临床和心理社会方面的改善。症状似乎是促使患者参与糖尿病自我管理行为以缓解症状和预防并发症的重要动力和有用提示。
