Prims Julia P, Moore Don A
University of Illinois at Chicago.
University of California at Berkeley.
Judgm Decis Mak. 2017 Jan;12(1):29-41.
This research investigated how different forms of overconfidence correlate with age. Contrary to stereotypes that young people are more overconfident, the results provide little evidence that overestimation of one's performance or overplacement of one's performance relative to that of others is correlated with age. Instead, the results suggest that precision in judgment (confidence that one knows the truth) increases with age. This result is strongest for probabilistic elicitations, and not present in quantile elicitations or reported confidence intervals. The results suggest that a lifetime of experience, rather than leading to better calibration, instead may increase our confidence that we know what we're talking about.
本研究调查了不同形式的过度自信与年龄之间的关联。与年轻人更过度自信的刻板印象相反,研究结果几乎没有证据表明对自身表现的高估或自身表现相对于他人表现的过度定位与年龄相关。相反,结果表明判断的精准度(相信自己知晓真相的信心)会随着年龄增长而提高。这一结果在概率性引出任务中最为明显,而在分位数引出任务或报告的置信区间中则不存在。研究结果表明,一生的经历并非带来更好的校准,反而可能增强我们认为自己知道自己在谈论什么的信心。