Durrant Joanna, Botha L Michael, Green Mark P, Jones Therésa M
The School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
J Exp Zool B Mol Dev Evol. 2018 Jun;330(4):225-233. doi: 10.1002/jez.b.22810. Epub 2018 Jun 3.
A growing body of evidence exists to support a detrimental effect of the presence of artificial light at night (ALAN) on life-history and fitness traits. However, few studies simultaneously investigate multiple traits and the life stages at which changes manifest. We experimentally manipulated ALAN intensities, within those found in the natural environment, to explore the consequences for growth, survival, and reproductive success of the field cricket, Teleogryllus commodus. We reared crickets from egg to adult under a daily light-cycle consisting of 12 hr bright daylight (2,600 lx) followed by either 12 hr darkness (0 lx) or dim-light environments (1, 10, or 100 lx). We found egg hatch, adult survival, and reproductive measures were largely comparable for all treatments. However, juvenile development time (number of days from egg to adult) was on average 10 days (14%) longer and adults were also larger when crickets were exposed to any light at night (1, 10, or 100 lx). Our data demonstrate that chronic lifetime exposure to ALAN can modulate the timing of life-history events and may disrupt phenology to a similar extent as other abiotic factors.
越来越多的证据支持夜间人造光（ALAN）的存在对生活史和适应性特征具有有害影响。然而，很少有研究同时调查多种特征以及变化出现的生命阶段。我们在自然环境中发现的光照强度范围内，通过实验操纵ALAN强度，以探究其对澳大利亚黑蟋蟀生长、存活和繁殖成功的影响。我们将蟋蟀从卵饲养至成虫，每日光照周期为12小时明亮日光（2600勒克斯），随后是12小时黑暗（0勒克斯）或弱光环境（1、10或100勒克斯）。我们发现，所有处理的卵孵化率、成虫存活率和繁殖指标在很大程度上相当。然而，当蟋蟀在夜间暴露于任何光照（1、10或100勒克斯）时，幼虫发育时间（从卵到成虫的天数）平均延长10天（14%），并且成虫体型也更大。我们的数据表明，长期终生暴露于ALAN可调节生活史事件的时间安排，并可能在与其他非生物因素相似的程度上扰乱物候。
