Buono Pietro, Duval Antoine, Avérous Luc, Habibi Youssef
Department of Materials Research and Technology (MRT), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
BioTeam/ICPEES-ECPM, UMR CNRS 7515, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, Strasbourg Cedex 2, 67087, France.
ChemSusChem. 2018 Aug 9;11(15):2472-2491. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201800595. Epub 2018 Jul 23.
Lignin, tannins, and cashew nut shell liquid are considered the main sources of aromatic-based macromolecules. They represent an abundant alternative feedstock for the elaboration of aromatic chemicals and polymers, with a view to replacing some fossil-based fractions. Located in different tissues of plants, these compounds, with a large diversity and structural complexity, have, to date, been considered as byproducts derived from fractionation-separation industrial processes with low added value. In the last decade, the use of click chemistry as a tool for the synthesis of controlled macromolecular architectures has seen much development in fundamental and applied research for a wide range of applications. It could represent a valid solution to overcome the main limitations encountered in the chemical modification of natural sources of chemicals, with an environmentally friendly approach to create new substrates for the development of innovative polymers and materials. After a brief description of the main aromatic biopolymers, including the main extraction techniques, along with their structure and their properties, this Review describes chemical modifications that have mainly been focused on natural polyphenols, with the aim of introducing clickable groups, and their further use for the synthesis of biobased materials and additives. Special emphasis is given to several as-yet unexplored chemical features that could contribute to further fundamental and applied materials science research.
木质素、单宁和腰果壳液被认为是芳香族大分子的主要来源。它们是用于制备芳香族化学品和聚合物的丰富替代原料，旨在替代一些化石基馏分。这些化合物存在于植物的不同组织中，种类繁多且结构复杂，迄今为止，它们一直被视为分馏分离工业过程中产生的低附加值副产品。在过去十年中，点击化学作为一种合成可控大分子结构的工具，在基础研究和应用研究中得到了广泛发展，适用于多种应用。它可能是一种有效的解决方案，能够克服天然化学物质来源化学改性中遇到的主要限制，以一种环境友好的方式为创新聚合物和材料的开发创造新的底物。在简要介绍了主要的芳香族生物聚合物，包括主要提取技术及其结构和性质之后，本综述描述了主要针对天然多酚的化学改性，目的是引入可点击基团，以及它们在生物基材料和添加剂合成中的进一步应用。特别强调了几个尚未探索的化学特征，这些特征可能有助于进一步开展基础和应用材料科学研究。
