跨文化验证 PHQ-9 德语版和土耳其语版：IRT 方法。
Cross-cultural validation of the German and Turkish versions of the PHQ-9: an IRT approach.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
Institute of Medical Psychology, Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany.
出版信息
BMC Psychol. 2018 Jun 5;6(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s40359-018-0238-z.
BACKGROUND
The Patient Health Questionnaire's depression module (PHQ-9) is a widely used screening tool to assess depressive disorders. However, cross-linguistic and cross-cultural validation of the PHQ-9 is mostly lacking. This study investigates whether scores on the German and Turkish versions of the PHQ-9 are comparable.
METHODS
Data from Germans without a migration background (German version, n = 1670) and Turkish immigrants in Germany (either German or Turkish version, n = 307) were used. Differential Item Functioning (DIF) was assessed using Item Response Theory (IRT) models.
RESULTS
Several items of the PHQ-9 were found to exhibit DIF related to language or ethnicity, e.g. 'sleep problems', 'appetite changes' and 'anhedonia'. However, PHQ-9 sum scores were found to be unbiased, i.e., DIF had no notable impact on scale levels.
CONCLUSIONS
PHQ-9 sum scores can be compared between Turkish immigrants and Germans without a migration background without any adjustments, regardless of whether they complete the German or the Turkish version.
背景
患者健康问卷的抑郁模块（PHQ-9）是一种广泛用于评估抑郁障碍的筛查工具。然而，PHQ-9 的跨语言和跨文化验证大多缺乏。本研究调查了德语和土耳其语版本的 PHQ-9 评分是否具有可比性。
方法
使用无移民背景的德国人（德语版本，n=1670）和德国土耳其移民（德语或土耳其语版本，n=307）的数据。使用项目反应理论（IRT）模型评估差异项目功能（DIF）。
结果
PHQ-9 的几个项目被发现存在与语言或种族有关的 DIF，例如“睡眠问题”、“食欲变化”和“快感缺失”。然而，PHQ-9 的总分被发现是无偏差的，即 DIF 对量表水平没有显著影响。
结论
无论土耳其移民和无移民背景的德国人完成德语版还是土耳其语版，都可以在不进行任何调整的情况下比较 PHQ-9 的总分，而无需进行任何调整。
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