Department Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department Internal Medicine, Division Endocrinology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Sci Rep. 2018 Jun 5;8(1):8657. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26616-w.
Recent studies suggest that substituting sitting with light physical activity has beneficial metabolic effects, but it is unclear if this is associated with parallel changes in endothelial function. Data from three randomized cross-over studies were analyzed, in which 61 subjects (with normal weight, overweight and type 2 diabetes) followed different activity regimens (Sit, SitLess and/or Exercise) of four days each. Subjects were instructed to sit 14 h/day ('Sit'), to substitute 1 h/day of sitting with moderate-to-vigorous cycling ('Exercise') or to substitute 5-6 h/day sitting with light-intensity walking and standing ('SitLess'). Physical activity was assessed 24 h/day by accelerometry (ActivPAL) and diet was standardized. Fasted circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction, lipids and insulin sensitivity were assessed the morning after each activity regimen. The endothelial dysfunction score (ED-score) was computed by averaging the Z-scores of the circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction. Compared to Sit, Exercise resulted in lower ED-score, sICAM1 and sE-selectin (p < 0.05), while no significant changes were observed after SitLess. The ED-score, sVCAM1 and sE-selectin were lower after Exercise compared to SitLess (p < 0.05). In contrast, compared to Sit, insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-IR) and plasma lipids (HDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol and Apo B) did not change significantly after Exercise but were improved after SitLess (p < 0.05). In conclusion, light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity had a differential effect on risk markers of cardio-metabolic health and suggest the need of both performing structured exercise as well as reducing sitting time on a daily basis.
最近的研究表明，用轻度体育活动代替久坐对代谢有益，但尚不清楚这是否与内皮功能的平行变化有关。对三项随机交叉研究的数据进行了分析，其中 61 名受试者（体重正常、超重和 2 型糖尿病患者）分别遵循四种不同的活动方案（静坐、少坐和/或运动），每种方案持续四天。要求受试者每天坐 14 小时（“静坐”），每天用中等至剧烈强度的骑自行车替代 1 小时的静坐（“运动”），或每天用轻强度的步行和站立替代 5-6 小时的静坐（“少坐”）。通过加速度计（ActivPAL） 24 小时评估身体活动，饮食标准化。在每种活动方案后，空腹检测内皮功能障碍、血脂和胰岛素敏感性的循环生物标志物。内皮功能障碍评分（ED 评分）通过平均内皮功能障碍循环生物标志物的 Z 分数计算。与静坐相比，运动后 ED 评分、sICAM1 和 sE-选择素降低（p<0.05），而少坐后则无明显变化。与少坐相比，运动后 ED 评分、sVCAM1 和 sE-选择素较低（p<0.05）。相比之下，与静坐相比，运动后胰岛素敏感性（HOMA2-IR）和血脂（HDL-胆固醇、非 HDL-胆固醇、总胆固醇和 Apo B）没有明显变化，但少坐后有所改善（p<0.05）。综上所述，轻度体育活动和中等至剧烈体育活动对心血管代谢健康的风险标志物有不同的影响，这表明需要进行有规律的结构性运动，并减少每天的静坐时间。
