Falgares Giorgio, Marchetti Daniela, Manna Giovanna, Musso Pasquale, Oasi Osmano, Kopala-Sibley Daniel C, De Santis Sandro, Verrocchio Maria C
Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2018 May 23;9:806. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00806. eCollection 2018.
Several studies have demonstrated that child maltreatment (psychological, physical, and sexual abuse, and neglect) may be a significant factor in the development of pathological personality traits that increase the risk for suicidal ideation and behavior from adolescence to adulthood. Currently, the challenge is to understand how different forms of early negative experiences render an individual prone to develop specific personality traits and, in turn, be more vulnerable to suicide risk. To understand the relationship between childhood maltreatment and personality dimensions in suicide risk, our study aims to explore the role of self-criticism and dependency, two different pathological personality traits, as potential mediators of the link between different types of childhood maltreatment and suicide risk in young adults. For this purpose, 306 students from three Italian public universities were recruited. We used the Italian version of the Childhood Experience of Care and Abuse Questionnaire (CECA.Q) to assess experiences of lack of care by parents (i.e., antipathy and neglect) as well as psychological and physical abuse before the age of 17 years. The Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ) was used to assess the personality dimensions of self-criticism and dependency, and the Suicide History Self-Rating Screening Scale was administered to assess suicide risk. Results revealed that lack of care and psychological abuse were significantly associated with suicide risk and this association was partially mediated by the maladaptive personality dimension of self-criticism. These findings suggest that the combined effect of specific forms of dysfunctional parental behavior during childhood and the development of rigid and dysfunctional negative personality traits may increase the risk for suicidal ideation and behavior during adulthood.
多项研究表明，儿童期受虐（心理、身体和性虐待以及忽视）可能是病理性人格特质发展的一个重要因素，这种特质会增加从青春期到成年期自杀意念和行为的风险。目前，挑战在于理解不同形式的早期负面经历如何使个体易于发展出特定的人格特质，进而更容易面临自杀风险。为了理解儿童期受虐与自杀风险中人格维度之间的关系，我们的研究旨在探讨自我批评和依赖这两种不同的病理性人格特质，作为不同类型儿童期受虐与青年自杀风险之间联系的潜在中介作用。为此，招募了来自三所意大利公立大学的306名学生。我们使用意大利版的《儿童期照料与虐待经历问卷》（CECA.Q）来评估17岁之前父母缺乏照料的经历（即反感和忽视）以及心理和身体虐待情况。使用《抑郁经历问卷》（DEQ）来评估自我批评和依赖的人格维度，并使用《自杀史自评筛查量表》来评估自杀风险。结果显示，缺乏照料和心理虐待与自杀风险显著相关，并且这种关联部分由自我批评这种适应不良的人格维度所介导。这些发现表明，儿童期特定形式的功能失调的父母行为与僵化和功能失调的负面人格特质的发展共同作用，可能会增加成年期自杀意念和行为的风险。
