Marchetti Daniela, Fontanesi Lilybeth, Di Giandomenico Serena, Mazza Cristina, Roma Paolo, Verrocchio Maria Cristina
Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Department of Humanities, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2020 Dec 10;11:567052. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.567052. eCollection 2020.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) health crisis is strongly affecting the psychological well-being of the general population. According to a very recent literature, the imposed lockdown and social distancing measures have generated a series of negative outcomes, including fear of the future, anxiety, and somatization symptoms. Few studies have investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of parents and children, and still fewer studies have assessed the relationship between the psychological health of parents and children. The present study aimed at understanding the effect of parents' psychological distress and verbal aggression on behavioral and emotional symptoms of children during the COVID-19 lockdown. Using an online survey administered in the first weeks of the lockdown in Italy, we explored the mediating effects of parent verbal hostility and child emotional symptoms on the relationship between parent distress and child hyperactivity/inattention in a sample of 878 Italian parents (87.4% mothers; mean = 40.58). Two hypotheses were proposed: (1) parent distress would significantly predict child hyperactivity/inattention, and (2) parent verbal hostility and child emotional symptoms would mediate the association between parent distress and child hyperactivity/inattention. The serial mediated model confirmed both hypotheses, suggesting that higher rates of psychological distress in parents were associated with higher levels of hyperactivity/inattention in children. Parent verbal hostility and child emotional problems were also found to positively mediate this relation. Our results may be used to improve sociopsychological interventions in the general population in the near future. They may also contribute to the clinical definition of therapeutic paths for parents and families.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）健康危机正严重影响着普通民众的心理健康。根据最近的文献，强制实施的封锁和社交距离措施产生了一系列负面后果，包括对未来的恐惧、焦虑和躯体化症状。很少有研究调查COVID-19大流行对父母和孩子幸福感的影响，而评估父母与孩子心理健康之间关系的研究更少。本研究旨在了解在COVID-19封锁期间，父母的心理困扰和言语攻击对孩子行为和情绪症状的影响。通过在意大利封锁的头几周进行的一项在线调查，我们在878名意大利父母（87.4%为母亲；平均年龄 = 40.58岁）的样本中，探讨了父母言语敌意和孩子情绪症状在父母困扰与孩子多动/注意力不集中之间关系中的中介作用。我们提出了两个假设：（1）父母困扰将显著预测孩子的多动/注意力不集中，（2）父母言语敌意和孩子情绪症状将介导父母困扰与孩子多动/注意力不集中之间的关联。串联中介模型证实了这两个假设，表明父母心理困扰程度越高，孩子的多动/注意力不集中水平越高。父母言语敌意和孩子的情绪问题也被发现正向介导了这种关系。我们的研究结果可用于在不久的将来改善针对普通民众的社会心理干预措施。它们也可能有助于为父母和家庭确定治疗路径的临床定义。
