Pope Zachary C, Zeng Nan, Zhang Rui, Lee Hee Yun, Gao Zan
School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, 1900 University Ave. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
College of Pharmacy, and Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, 8-116 Phillips-Wangensteen Building, 516 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
J Clin Med. 2018 Jun 7;7(6):140. doi: 10.3390/jcm7060140.
Physical activity (PA) among breast cancer survivors (BCS) can improve this population's health and quality of life (QoL). This study evaluated the effectiveness of a combined smartwatch- and social media-based health education intervention on BCS's health outcomes. Thirty BCS ( X ¯ = 52.6 ± 9.3 years; X ¯ = 80.2 ± 19.6 kg) participated in this 10-week, 2-arm randomized trial, with BCS randomized into: (1) experimental group ( = 16): received Polar M400 smartwatches for daily PA tracking and joined a Facebook group wherein Social Cognitive Theory-related PA tips were provided twice weekly; and (2) comparison group ( = 14): only joined separate, but content-identical Facebook group. Outcomes included PA, physiological, psychosocial, and QoL variables. Specifically, PA and energy expenditure (EE) was assessed by ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers while physiological, psychosocial, and QoL were examined via validated instruments at baseline and post-intervention. No baseline group differences were observed for any variable. Ten BCS dropped out of the study (experimental: 4; comparison: 6). Compared to completers, dropouts differed significantly on several outcomes. Thus, a per-protocol analysis was performed, revealing significant group differences for changes in social support ( = -2.1, = 0.05) and barriers ( = -2.2, = 0.04). Interestingly, the comparison group demonstrated improvements for both variables while the intervention group demonstrated slightly decreased social support and no change in barriers. Notably, both groups demonstrated similarly increased daily light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, EE, and steps of 7.7 min, 5.1 min, 25.1 kcals, and 339 steps, respectively, over time. Despite extensive user training, several experimental BCS found the Polar M400 use difficult-possibly decreasing intervention adherence. Future interventions should utilize simpler smartwatches to promote PA among middle-aged clinical/non-clinical populations.
乳腺癌幸存者（BCS）进行体育活动（PA）可以改善该人群的健康状况和生活质量（QoL）。本研究评估了基于智能手表和社交媒体的联合健康教育干预对BCS健康结局的有效性。30名BCS（平均年龄=52.6±9.3岁；平均体重=80.2±19.6千克）参与了这项为期10周的双臂随机试验，BCS被随机分为：（1）实验组（n=16）：收到Polar M400智能手表用于日常PA追踪，并加入一个Facebook群组，该群组每周提供两次与社会认知理论相关的PA小贴士；（2）对照组（n=14）：仅加入一个单独但内容相同的Facebook群组。结局包括PA、生理、心理社会和QoL变量。具体而言，PA和能量消耗（EE）通过ActiGraph GT3X+加速度计进行评估，而生理、心理社会和QoL则通过经过验证的工具在基线和干预后进行检查。任何变量在基线时均未观察到组间差异。10名BCS退出了研究（实验组：4名；对照组：6名）。与完成者相比，退出者在几个结局上存在显著差异。因此，进行了符合方案分析，结果显示在社会支持变化（t=-2.1，p=0.05）和障碍变化（t=-2.2，p=0.04）方面存在显著的组间差异。有趣的是，对照组在这两个变量上均有改善，而干预组的社会支持略有下降，障碍没有变化。值得注意的是，随着时间的推移，两组的每日轻度PA、中度至剧烈PA、EE和步数分别同样增加了7.7分钟、5.1分钟、25.1千卡和339步。尽管进行了广泛的用户培训，但一些实验组的BCS发现使用Polar M400很困难，这可能会降低干预依从性。未来的干预措施应使用更简单的智能手表，以促进中年临床/非临床人群的PA。
