Theodoropoulou Eleni, Stavrou Nektarios A M, Karteroliotis Konstantinos
School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 17237, Greece.
J Sport Health Sci. 2017 Mar;6(1):96-102. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2016.01.021. Epub 2016 Jan 25.
Studies have indicated that there is a positive and indirect relationship between physical activity (PA) and quality of life (QoL). The current study examined this relationship through a social cognitive model with consideration to the intermediary effects of exercise self-efficacy, and physical (PCS, physical component summary) and psychological (MCS, mental component summary) health. Additionally, this model was widened to include concepts from the ecological theory, and any causal associations among neighborhood environment, PA, and QoL.
Six hundred and eighty-four physically active adults (39.16 ± 13.52 years, mean ± SD), living in Athens, Greece, completed a series of questionnaires measuring PA, QoL, exercise self-efficacy, PCS, MCS, neighborhood environment, and family and friend support for PA. The examined models were analyzed using structural equation modeling.
The social cognitive and ecological models proved to be of appropriate fit. Within the social cognitive model, PA positively affected QoL through the mediating effects of exercise self-efficacy, PCS, and MCS. With regards to the ecological model, neighborhood environment positively influenced QoL through the intermediary effects of family support for PA, exercise self-efficacy, PA, PCS, and MCS.
Results indicated that the most important mediators in the examined models were exercise self-efficacy and health. Further, findings demonstrated the role of neighborhood environment in enhancing PA and QoL. Future studies should be carried out applying longitudinal data for a better understanding of these associations over time.
研究表明，身体活动（PA）与生活质量（QoL）之间存在正向间接关系。本研究通过社会认知模型检验了这种关系，同时考虑了运动自我效能、身体（PCS，身体成分总结）和心理（MCS，心理成分总结）健康的中介作用。此外，该模型还扩展到纳入生态理论的概念，以及邻里环境、PA和QoL之间的因果关联。
684名居住在希腊雅典的身体活跃成年人（39.16±13.52岁，均值±标准差）完成了一系列问卷，测量PA、QoL、运动自我效能、PCS、MCS、邻里环境以及家人和朋友对PA的支持。使用结构方程模型分析所检验的模型。
社会认知模型和生态模型被证明拟合良好。在社会认知模型中，PA通过运动自我效能、PCS和MCS的中介作用对QoL产生积极影响。在生态模型方面，邻里环境通过家人对PA的支持、运动自我效能、PA、PCS和MCS的中介作用对QoL产生积极影响。
结果表明，所检验模型中最重要的中介因素是运动自我效能和健康。此外，研究结果证明了邻里环境在促进PA和QoL方面的作用。未来应采用纵向数据进行研究，以便更好地理解这些关联随时间的变化情况。
