Ramia S
Rev Infect Dis. 1985 Mar-Apr;7(2):180-8. doi: 10.1093/clinids/7.2.180.
The "enteric" virus group comprises greater than 100 different viruses. These viruses typically infect the cell lining of the alimentary canal and are discharged in very large numbers in the feces of infected persons. Contamination of water supplies by enteric viruses represents an important source of viral infection. Many communities, particularly in developing countries, depend on sewage-polluted sources for their recreational and drinking water. Because conventional methods of sewage and water treatment have proved inefficient in the removal and inactivation of most enteric viruses, great concern has been raised over the impact of waterborne infection on the health of such communities. Current evidence implicating drinking and recreational water supplies in the transmission of nonbacterial gastroenteritis and hepatitis A virus and adenovirus infections is overwhelming. Water-borne transmission of other enteric viruses is also possible. Effective antiviral drugs are generally unavailable, and current vaccines can control only a limited number of viral infections; therefore, provision of uncontaminated water is a basic requirement in raising the standard of health in affected communities.
“肠道”病毒组包含100多种不同的病毒。这些病毒通常感染消化道的细胞内衬，并大量存在于感染者的粪便中。肠道病毒污染供水是病毒感染的一个重要来源。许多社区，特别是发展中国家的社区，其娱乐用水和饮用水依赖受污水污染的水源。由于传统的污水和水处理方法在去除和灭活大多数肠道病毒方面已证明效率低下，人们对水源性感染对这些社区健康的影响极为关注。目前有大量证据表明，饮用和娱乐用水供应与非细菌性肠胃炎、甲型肝炎病毒和腺病毒感染的传播有关。其他肠道病毒也可能通过水传播。一般没有有效的抗病毒药物，目前的疫苗只能控制有限数量的病毒感染；因此，提供未受污染的水是提高受影响社区健康水平的基本要求。
