a Department of Blood Transfusion , Nanjing General Hospital of PLA , Nanjing , China.
b Department of Hematology (Key Department of Jiangsu Medicine) , Zhongda Hospital, Medical School, Southeast University , Nanjing , China.
Platelets. 2018 Nov;29(7):690-694. doi: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1475633. Epub 2018 Jun 8.
Human platelets play important roles in several physiologic and pathologic processes. Any defects in platelet number and function can lead to a variety of bleeding complications; platelet transfusions are commonly used to improve platelet count and hemostatic function in these cases. However, transfusions are complicated by the short storage life of donated platelets and contamination risks. Synthetic platelet substitutes can render efficient hemostasis while allowing advantages of large-scale preparation, minimum contamination risk via effective sterilization, longer shelf-life, no need for blood type matching, and reduced risks of biologic or pathologic side effects. Recent efforts in synthetic platelet design have additionally focused on applications including hemostasis, drug delivery, and targeted delivery of cancer therapeutics. In the present review, we summarize the advancement of platelet-inspired nanomedicine for artificial blood component, tumor research, and treatment of thrombi.
人类血小板在几种生理和病理过程中发挥着重要作用。血小板数量和功能的任何缺陷都可能导致各种出血并发症；在这些情况下，血小板输注通常用于提高血小板计数和止血功能。然而，输注会因捐赠血小板的储存寿命短和污染风险而变得复杂。合成血小板替代品可以在实现高效止血的同时，具有大规模制备的优势、通过有效灭菌降低最小污染风险、更长的保质期、无需血型匹配以及降低生物或病理副作用的风险。最近在合成血小板设计方面的努力还侧重于包括止血、药物输送和癌症治疗的靶向输送等应用。在本综述中，我们总结了血小板启发的纳米医学在人造血液成分、肿瘤研究和血栓治疗方面的进展。
