Institute of Physiotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, Rejtana 16c, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland.
Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical Faculty, University of Rzeszow, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland.
Biomed Res Int. 2018 May 20;2018:2820932. doi: 10.1155/2018/2820932. eCollection 2018.
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the level of neuromotor function and somatic development in 6- and 7-year-old children born before the 30th week gestation with that in full-term children at the same age, as well as the correlation between prematurity and motor development.
The study group consisted of prematurely born 40 children. Their mean gestational age at birth was 27.8 ± 1.6 weeks (range 24-30 weeks). The control group consisted of 40 healthy children born with normal birth weight (>2500 g). The neuromotor function was assessed using Touwen neurological examination criteria. During the examination, the attention was focused on the hand preference, laterality, synkinesis, and asymmetry. In addition, children's weight, height, and BMI index were measured.
Premature children showed much worse results than full-term ones in hand function ( < 0,001). They obtained the best results in paper tearing while crossing the body midline turned out to be the most difficult. Considering the quality of walking, the biggest difficulty for the premature children was to walk backwards along the straight line while during normal walking they showed the best results. The results for the muscle tone subcategory in the study group were also significantly worse than those in control group ( < 0,001), as well as the total outcome for the movement coordination and diadochokinesis subcategories ( < 0,001).
The nondisabled, prematurely born children have significantly lower average outcomes regarding hand function, quality of walking, muscle tone, coordination, and diadochokinesis at age of six to seven, compared to the full-term peers.
本研究旨在评估和比较胎龄 30 周前出生的 6 至 7 岁儿童与同龄足月儿童的神经运动功能和躯体发育水平，以及早产与运动发育的相关性。
研究组包括 40 名早产儿。他们的平均出生胎龄为 27.8 ± 1.6 周（范围 24-30 周）。对照组由 40 名出生体重正常（>2500g）的健康儿童组成。神经运动功能采用 Touwen 神经检查标准进行评估。在检查过程中，重点关注手的偏好、偏侧性、协同运动和不对称性。此外，还测量了儿童的体重、身高和 BMI 指数。
早产儿在手功能方面的表现明显差于足月儿（<0.001）。他们在撕纸方面表现最好，而身体中线交叉则是最困难的。考虑到步行质量，早产儿最大的困难是沿着直线向后走，而在正常行走时，他们表现最好。研究组的肌肉张力亚组的结果也明显差于对照组（<0.001），以及运动协调和交替运动亚组的总结果（<0.001）。
在 6 至 7 岁时，非残疾的早产儿在手功能、步行质量、肌肉张力、协调性和交替运动方面的平均表现明显低于足月同龄人。
