Cartland Jenifer, Ruch-Ross Holly S, Carr Lauren, Hall Audrey, Olsen Richard, Rosendale Ellen, Ruohonen Susan
1 Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
2 Loyola University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
HERD. 2018 Jul;11(3):66-79. doi: 10.1177/1937586718779219. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
To study the impact of hospital design on patient and family experiences during and after hospitalization.
Hospitalization can be psychologically traumatic for children. Few research studies have studied the role of the design of the hospital environment in mitigating that traumatic experience.
The study employs a two-group posttest and follow-up design to compare the impact of hospitalization on child anxiety and parent stress. It compares the experiences of children (ages 3-17) hospitalized at a new facility designed to support child-centered care and with family-friendly features with an older facility that did not have these features. The new facility was a replacement of the old one, so that many challenges to comparison are addressed.
Controlling for the facts of hospitalization, patient demographics, and the child's typical anxiety level, children in the new facility experienced less anxiety than in the old facility. The study does not provide evidence that the hospital design reduced the psychological sequelae of hospitalization. Parents and children found different features of the hospital to be restorative.
The study supports the use of Ulrich's theory of supportive design to children's healthcare environments, though what is experienced as supportive design will vary by the developmental stage of the child.
研究医院设计对患者及其家属住院期间及出院后体验的影响。
住院对儿童来说可能会造成心理创伤。很少有研究探讨医院环境设计在减轻这种创伤体验方面所起的作用。
本研究采用两组后测和随访设计，以比较住院对儿童焦虑和家长压力的影响。它比较了在一家旨在支持以儿童为中心的护理且具备家庭友好型特征的新设施中住院的3至17岁儿童，与在一家没有这些特征的旧设施中住院的儿童的体验。新设施是对旧设施的替代，因此解决了许多比较方面的难题。
在控制住院情况、患者人口统计学特征以及儿童的典型焦虑水平等因素后，新设施中的儿童比旧设施中的儿童焦虑程度更低。该研究没有提供证据表明医院设计减少了住院的心理后遗症。家长和儿童发现医院的不同特征具有恢复作用。
该研究支持将乌尔里希的支持性设计理论应用于儿童医疗环境，不过被视为支持性设计的内容会因儿童的发育阶段而异。
