Department of Architecture, School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 11;18(22):11804. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211804.
This study explores the waiting space environment of pediatric clinics in general hospitals and the relationships between the use of space, behavioral activities and overall satisfaction. Patients often spend a lot of time waiting for doctors, and child patients waiting to be seen are particularly likely to feel bored, depressed and anxious, which negatively affects their overall experience of seeking medical attention. Since the launch of China's second-child policy, the number of children born in China has surged. As medical resources for children are in short supply and of uneven quality, it is urgently necessary to carry out research on optimizing the design of children's waiting space in Chinese hospitals to improve their medical environment and experience.
This study identified four first-level indicators and twenty-seven second-level indicators in four dimensions: functional layout (layout and area), flow organization, supporting facilities and environmental details (physical and landscape environment). The research combined subjective and objective methods, including comprehensive observation, a questionnaire survey and interviews, taking three hospitals in Shenzhen as case studies.
The study found that the waiting space in pediatric clinics currently fails to meet key patient needs in areas such as mother and infant rooms, children's play areas and drinking water facilities, and there are widespread problems with the creation of natural environments, such as views of natural scenery from windows and indoor green plants. Six factors were found to significantly positively influence overall satisfaction with waiting space, describing 69.76% of the changes in the respondents' degree of satisfaction with the waiting environment. Supporting facilities and aspects of the physical environment had the greatest influence on overall satisfaction with the waiting space.
Optimizing the design of the waiting space in pediatric clinics, with a focus on functional layout, flow organization, supporting facilities and environmental details, can improve overall satisfaction with pediatric waiting rooms. The results are preliminary; they need to be further tested in practice to complete the process of evidence-based design. This will lead to suggestions for refining the design of pediatric waiting units which can be used by architects and hospital administrators.
本研究探讨了综合医院儿科候诊空间环境以及空间使用、行为活动和整体满意度之间的关系。患者在候诊时往往需要花费大量时间，而儿童患者在候诊时更容易感到无聊、沮丧和焦虑，这会对他们整体的就医体验产生负面影响。自中国二胎政策实施以来，中国的新生儿数量激增。由于儿童医疗资源短缺且质量不均，因此急需开展中国医院优化儿童候诊空间设计的研究，以改善其就医环境和体验。
本研究从四个维度确定了四个一级指标和二十七个二级指标：功能布局（布局和面积）、流程组织、配套设施和环境细节（物理和景观环境）。研究采用综合观察、问卷调查和访谈等主观和客观方法，以深圳的三家医院为案例进行研究。
研究发现，儿科候诊空间目前无法满足母婴室、儿童游乐区和饮水设施等关键患者需求，自然环境的营造存在普遍问题，如窗户眺望自然景观和室内绿植。有六个因素对整体候诊空间满意度有显著的正向影响，描述了受访者对候诊环境满意度变化的 69.76%。配套设施和物理环境方面对整体候诊空间满意度的影响最大。
优化儿科候诊空间设计，注重功能布局、流程组织、配套设施和环境细节，可以提高儿科候诊室的整体满意度。研究结果初步证实了这一结论，需要在实践中进一步验证，以完成循证设计的过程。这将为建筑师和医院管理人员提供完善儿科候诊单元设计的建议。
